关于代孕的法律问题探讨

发布时间：2018-01-18 07:04

本文关键词：关于代孕的法律问题探讨　出处：《兰州大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：代孕属于人工辅助生殖技术的一种,其最早出现于美国,伴随着生物医学技术的发展而迅速发展起来。在不孕率居高不下的今天,代孕成为了一种较为简易可行的替代方法。代孕技术和其他高新科学技术一样,利弊共存,因其在世界范围内的广泛应用,引起了一系列的法律、伦理以及医学方面的问题,产生了较大的争议。而对于实施代孕的目的、对象和适用的范围,世界上并没有统一的标准。代孕所引起的问题对传统的民法理论提出了强烈的挑战,对此,世界各国纷纷采取一定的应对措施。目前我国并没有一部专门性的法律来予以规范,对于代孕的规定主要集中于由卫生部所颁布的行政规章之中。本文基于对代孕所引发的法律道德等问题进行讨论和剖析的角度,采用比较研究、案例分析等方法对代孕的合法性进行论证,从而认识到,采取一味禁止的方法来杜绝代孕,并不能从根源上解决问题,而应当找寻更加合理的方法。鉴于此,大胆提出了在我国进行代孕立法的构想,以期从法律的视角来推动代孕向着成熟化、完善化的方向发展。文章总共分为以下几个部分：第一部分为引言部分,包括研究背景、研究内容、研究方法、研究意义四个方面。第二部分为代孕的概说,在界定代孕概念的基础上对其进行分类,并对我国代孕现状进行论述。第三部分主要关于国内外代孕立法现状分析,从国外和国内两个维度出发,介绍了代孕的立法现状,并总结国外立法现状对我国的启示。第四部分对代孕行为的合法性分析,从伦理和法律的角度来论证代孕的合法性,通过对代孕涉及的伦理道德和生育权、身体权等法律基础问题阐述,分析现存的各种矛盾和冲突,为代孕合法化奠定基石；第五部分关于代孕合理存在的价值分析,从多个角度出发来论证代孕合理存在的必要性。第六部分代孕合法化的类型及其调控,对代孕的不同类型进行区分后,针对不同类型,依据原则进行调控。第七部分主要是对我国代孕的立法构想,基于前部分论证,提出代孕立法的基本原则和框架。第八部分为结语,总结文章的研究成果,指出其不足之处,并进一步展望下一步研究工作。
[Abstract]:A surrogate to assisted reproductive technology, which first appeared in the United States, along with the development of biomedical technology developed rapidly in the high rate of infertility. Today, surrogacy has become a kind of comparatively simple and feasible alternative. Surrogate technology and other high and new technology, advantages and disadvantages, because of its wide application in the world, caused a series of legal, ethical and medical issues, caused great controversy. As for the implementation of the surrogate purpose, object and scope of application, there is no unified standard. Put forward a strong challenge to the traditional theory of civil law, surrogacy problems caused by this the world, countries have taken certain measures. At present our country is not a special law to regulate the provisions for surrogacy mainly focused on cloth awarded by the Ministry of Health Administration Rules. This paper discusses and analyzes the causes of surrogacy legal moral problems based on the comparative study, to demonstrate the legitimacy of the case analysis and other methods of surrogacy, thus realize that blindly adopt methods to prevent prohibition of surrogacy, and can not solve the problem from the root, and should find more reasonable. In view of this, put forward a bold vision of surrogacy legislation in our country, in order from the legal perspective to promote surrogacy to mature, perfect the direction of development. This article is divided into the following parts: the first part is introduction, including research background, research contents, research methods, four aspects the significance of the research. The second part is the summary of surrogacy, the classification based on defining the concept of surrogacy, and discusses the status quo of China's surrogacy. The third part is mainly about the domestic outside pregnancy legislation Situation analysis, from the two perspectives at home and abroad, introduces the current legislation of surrogacy, and summarizes the present situation of foreign legislation and the enlightenment to our country. The fourth part is the analysis of the legitimacy of surrogacy, surrogacy to prove the legitimacy from the angle of ethics and law, based on the related surrogate ethical and reproductive rights on the legal basis, the right of body problems, analysis of various contradictions and conflicts existing, laid the cornerstone for the legalization of surrogacy; the fifth part is about the analysis of the surrogate reasonable value of existence, from multiple angles to demonstrate the necessity of the existence of a reasonable surrogate type and regulation. The sixth part of the legalization of surrogacy, to distinguish between different types of surrogacy then, according to different types, according to the principle of regulation. The seventh part is the legislation conception of China's surrogacy, before part of the argument based on the basic principles and framework of the surrogacy legislation. The eight part is the conclusion, summarizing the research results of the article, pointing out its shortcomings, and further looking forward to the next step of the research work.

【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923

【参考文献】