著作权共有制度研究

发布时间：2018-02-13 20:31

本文关键词： 著作权共有横向共有纵向共有规制机制集体管理　出处：《郑州大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着社会经济的发展,人们对知识产品需求的提高,作品的形式愈加丰富,著作权客体的范围日渐扩大。基于多个主体相结合的智力成果形式也逐步取代个人的智力成果形式成为著作权的主要客体,著作权共有制度随之产生。以共有的不同维度可将著作权共有分为“横向共有”和“纵向共有”两种类型。横向共有根据共有产生模式的不同分为两类:一是基于共同创作的事实行为产生的共有,主要指合作作品的共有;二是基于继受取得产生的共有,主要指著作权部分转让或者许可之后,继受人与原著作权人形成的共有关系。纵向共有是基于作品的二次创作行为产生的新作品,与原作品形成的多重著作权,主要包括基于演绎行为、汇编行为和影视创作行为形成的多重著作权的共有形式。著作权共有理论研究的薄弱和制度的不完善使得共有著作权在实务中面临诸多难题。横向共有存在的的主要问题有:一是合作作品的界定问题。二是基于共同创作产生的共有和基于继受取得产生的共有的性质问题以及上述两种共有权利行使和收益分配问题;纵向共有在实践中的困境在于:一是基于演绎、汇编和影视创作行为产生了多重著作权,每一个“后手”使用者在寻求著作权许可时都需要经过所有“前手”著作权人的同意,并且任一“前手”权利人拒绝许可将会导致整个许可链条的断裂,这种规定会浪费版权使用者大量的时间和精力,很大程度上挫伤了使用者的积极性,降低了版权交易效率,阻碍了文化作品的传播。二是我国著作权法对于影视作品的规定违背著作权法基本精神,也与《伯尔尼公约》的有关规定不符。解决上述著作权共有的难题,制度完善是关键。对于横向共有,应着力完善共有的法律规制。首先,对于合作作品,应将不可分割使用的作品排除出合作作品的范围。另外,应结合物权法共有规制,从著作权自身特点出发,明确规定上述两种横向共有性质的认定、权利行使规则以及收益分配模式。对于纵向共有的难题,首先,配套的著作权集体管理体制将是一个合理的解决路径。另外,对于影视作品,从著作权法的基本精神出发,应当以法律的规定明确其为演绎作品的一种特殊形式。
[Abstract]:With the development of social economy and the increasing demand for knowledge products, the forms of works become more and more abundant. The scope of the object of copyright is expanding day by day. The form of intellectual achievement based on the combination of multiple subjects has gradually replaced the form of individual intellectual achievement as the main object of copyright. According to the different dimensions of common ownership, copyright sharing can be divided into two types: horizontal co-ownership and vertical co-ownership. According to the different modes of co-ownership, co-ownership can be divided into two types: one is the basis. Shared by a joint creation of a factual act, Mainly referring to the co-ownership of a cooperative work; second, based on the joint ownership resulting from the subsequent acquisition, mainly referring to the partial transfer or licensing of copyright, The mutual relationship between the acceptor and the original copyright owner. Vertical co-ownership is a new work based on the second creation of the work, and multiple copyrights formed with the original work, including mainly based on deductive behavior. The common form of multiple copyrights formed by the acts of compilation and film and television creation. The weakness of the theory of copyright sharing and the imperfection of the system make the common copyright face many difficulties in practice. The main problems are as follows: first, the definition of cooperative works; second, the problem of joint creation based on co-creation and the nature of co-ownership arising from subsequent acquisition, as well as the problem of the exercise of the two kinds of joint rights and the distribution of proceeds; The dilemma of vertical co-ownership in practice lies in: first, based on how many copyrights are produced by deductive, compilation and film creation, each "hind hand" user needs to go through the consent of all the "forehand" copyright owners when seeking copyright permission. And any "forehand" right holder who refuses the license will cause the whole license chain to break, which will waste a lot of time and energy of the copyright user, and greatly dampen the enthusiasm of the user and reduce the efficiency of the copyright transaction. It hinders the dissemination of cultural works. Second, the provisions of China's copyright law on film and television works are contrary to the basic spirit of copyright law and inconsistent with the relevant provisions of the Berne Convention. System perfection is the key. For horizontal joint ownership, we should make great efforts to perfect the legal regulation of mutual ownership. Firstly, for cooperative works, we should exclude the work that can not be separated from the scope of cooperative works. Starting from the characteristics of copyright itself, this paper clearly stipulates the identification of the above two horizontal common properties, the rules of exercise of rights and the pattern of income distribution. For the problem of vertical common ownership, first of all, The supporting collective management system of copyright will be a reasonable solution. In addition, according to the basic spirit of the copyright law, it should be clearly defined as a special form of interpretation of the works in the light of the basic spirit of the copyright law.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.41

【参考文献】