关于不动产的冒名处分行为的效力的实证研究

发布时间：2018-03-21 10:26

本文选题：冒名处分　切入点：不动产　出处：《中国社会科学院研究生院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：关于不动产的冒名顶替处分行为——不动产冒名处分,是指假冒他人身份,伪造他人签章,处分他人不动产(份额)的行为。交易相对人为善意且支付合理对价,并进行了不动产变动登记。在关于不动产的冒名顶替处分行为中,作为善意的相对人,其信赖的内容为对主体身份的信赖,即相信行为人就是权利登记人,这虽有别于表见代理,但究其本质都属于一种第三人的信赖利益。那么,是否能通过适用表见代理来保护关于不动产的冒名顶替处分行为中合同相对人的信赖利益?而是否所有的第三人信赖利益都应当受到法律的保护呢?那么,善意取得制度通过牺牲所有权人的静态安全以保障交易过程中的动态安全,在充分权衡各方利益之后,其作出了明确的利益取舍,即保护第三人的信赖利益和交易安全。与此相类似,关于不动产的冒名顶替处分行为中合同相对人也产生了信赖利益,此处的信赖利益是否等同于善意取得中的信赖利益?是否能通过适用善意取得制度来保护关于不动产的冒名顶替处分行为中合同相对人的信赖利益?本文着眼于司法实践中解决冒名处分他人不动产的情况运用的理论及相应的效力的实证研究。实践表明,我国司法实践中,解决冒名处分他人不动产的案例的裁判依据尚未统一,多数判例援引《物权法》第106条,首先考虑第三人的善意取得是否满足,如果法院认为满足善意取得的构成要件,则优先保护第三人的利益。但也有法院或检察院认为,善意取得不应当作为处理此类案件的依据,只有物权登记错误之时,才得以适用善意取得制度。少数法院运用表见代理处理此类案件。不论善意取得制度还是表见代理,均需衡量第三人的善意与否,而我国法院针对第三人的善意衡量标准也不一致,基本均为法官自由心证,模糊表述为第三人并未尽到注意义务或者第三人已经尽到注意义务。此中,出现几个问题亟待解决,抛弃原权利人利益而倾向保护第三人利益是否有其合理性?善意取得制度的适用标准是什么?善意的衡量标准是什么?本文对实证研究进行分析,希望为关于不动产的冒名顶替处分行为案件的实务处理的改进提供前期数据研究和可参考的建议。
[Abstract]:Impersonating disposition of real estate-impersonation is the act of impersonating another person's identity, forgery of another's signature, and disposition of another's immovable property (share). In the behavior of impersonating the disposition of impersonation, as a bona fide relative person, the content of its trust is the trust of the subject identity, that is, the person who believes that the actor is the right registrar, Although this is different from apparent agency, its essence belongs to the trust interest of the third party. So, can we protect the trust interest of the relative party of the contract in the impostor disposition of real estate through the application of apparent agency? And should all the trust interests of the third party be protected by law? Then, the bona fide acquisition system makes a clear choice between the interests of all parties by sacrificing the static security of the owner in order to ensure the dynamic security of the transaction process, after fully weighing the interests of all parties. That is, to protect the trust interest of the third party and the transaction safety. Similarly, the contract counterpart also produces the trust interest in the impostor disposition of real estate. Is the trust interest equal to the trust interest in the bona fide acquisition? Can the bona fide acquisition system be applied to protect the trust interests of the contract counterpart in the impostor disposition of real estate? This paper focuses on the application of the theory and the corresponding effectiveness in the judicial practice to solve the problem of disposition of immovable property of others under false name. The practice shows that in our judicial practice, The basis for resolving the case of disposition of immovable property of another person has not been unified. Most cases refer to Article 106 of the Real right Law to consider whether the bona fide acquisition of a third party is satisfied or not, if the court considers that the constitutive requirements of bona fide acquisition are satisfied. A court or procuratorate also holds that bona fide acquisition should not be used as a basis for dealing with such cases, only when the registration of property rights is wrong, In order to apply the bona fide acquisition system, a small number of courts use prima facie representation to deal with such cases. Whether the bona fide acquisition system or the apparent agency is applied, the bona fides of the third party must be assessed. However, the standard of bona fide measurement of the third party in our court is also inconsistent, which is basically the judge's free evidence, and the fuzzy expression is that the third party has not fulfilled the duty of care or the third party has fulfilled the duty of care. In this case, several problems need to be solved urgently. Is it reasonable to abandon the interests of the original obligee and tend to protect the interests of the third party? What is the applicable standard of bona fide acquisition system? What is the measure of goodwill? This paper makes an analysis of the empirical research, hoping to provide preliminary data research and suggestions for the improvement of the practical treatment of impostor disposition cases of real estate.
【学位授予单位】：中国社会科学院研究生院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.2

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