论我国网络游戏虚拟财产的民法保护

发布时间：2018-03-23 00:08

本文选题：网络游戏　切入点：虚拟财产　出处：《安徽财经大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着信息网络技术的不断创新发展,依托于网络空间而存在的网络游戏应运而生。根据近些年的产业数据显示,网络游戏这一新兴产业发展势头迅猛,蕴含着巨大的经济潜力,同时网络游戏中的虚拟财产由此带来的法律问题也逐渐暴露。2017年通过的《中华人民共和国民法总则》在“民事权利客体”一章中对网络虚拟财产作了原则性规定,这一规定确认了虚拟财产在民法中的法律地位,弥补了虚拟财产保护一直以来在法律规定方面的缺失,但是民法上除了这条规定以外再没有出现其他关于虚拟财产的详细法律规定对其进行保护。权利的行使如果没有相应的法律规定相匹配便会成为一句空话,只有通过明文规定的法律制度的保障并为之采取有效的制裁措施才能够保证权利的正当行使。同理如果没有法律认可的规定来保护受到侵害的网络游戏虚拟财产,在处理虚拟财产带来的法律问题时可能会有失公正。这样一来不但玩家的合法财产权益得不到有效维护,而且也可能对网络游戏运营商造成打击,对游戏产业的发展产生不利的影响,最终会制约我国经济的增长潜力。在此背景下,从民法的角度研究网络游戏虚拟财产的保护问题对我国的发展具有十分重要的意义。自“李宏晨诉北极冰科技公司”案发生以来,学术界众多学者对于网络游戏虚拟财产的法律属性问题一直存有争议,各执一词。其中占主流的学说是知识产权说、债权说和物权说,这几种学说论述的观点都有一定的合理性,但经过分析得出物权说的观点更为恰当、支持者更多。从网络游戏虚拟财产所涉法律关系的主体、客体和内容三方面分析当前我国民法对其保护现状,可以看出我国现行民法中诸如《合同法》、《物权法》、《侵权责任法》等法律在处理网络游戏虚拟财产法律关系时大部分的法律规定都是可以参照适用的,只是由于网络游戏虚拟财产本身的特殊性,使得民法在对其保护时还存在一定的不足,如网络游戏虚拟财产的所有权归属有争议、侵权主体身份的难以确定、对运营商的行为规范规制不足、归责原则使用有分歧,这些问题仅依靠民法上的现有法律规定还无法得到有效解决。介绍并分析美国、韩国、及日本关于虚拟财产保护的法律规定及立法经验,对我国完善虚拟财产的民法保护具有一定的借鉴价值和意义,在参考的基础上针对我国网络游戏虚拟财产民法保护中存在的问题提出具体的完善建议,如明确虚拟财产的所有权归属、规制运营商的行为规范、确定侵权主体身份、明确归责原则的适用。从长远来看,制定一部虚拟财产的单行法,无论是对虚拟财产关系人的权益维护,还是对整个网络产业的发展都是十分可行的。此外,对程序上存在的一些问题予以相应的完善建议对虚拟财产在民法上的保护也是很有帮助的。
[Abstract]:With the continuous innovation and development of the information network technology, the network game which depends on the network space emerges as the times require. According to the industrial data in recent years, the network game, as a new industry, has a rapid development momentum and contains enormous economic potential. At the same time, the legal problems brought about by the virtual property in online games are gradually exposed. In the Chapter "object of Civil Rights", the General principles of Civil Law of the people's Republic of China, adopted in 2017, made a principled provision on the virtual property on the Internet. This provision confirms the legal status of virtual property in civil law and makes up for the lack of legal provisions in the protection of virtual property. But in civil law, there is no other detailed legal provision on virtual property to protect it besides this provision. The exercise of rights becomes empty if the corresponding legal provisions are not matched. The legitimate exercise of rights can be guaranteed only through the protection and effective sanctions of an explicit legal regime. Similarly, if there is no legally recognized provision to protect the infringed virtual property of online games, In dealing with legal problems brought about by virtual property, it may be unfair. Not only can the legitimate property rights and interests of players not be effectively maintained, but also the online game operators may be dealt a blow. The negative impact on the development of the game industry will eventually constrain the growth potential of our economy. It is of great significance for the development of our country to study the protection of virtual property of online games from the angle of civil law. Many scholars in academic circles have been disputing the legal attribute of virtual property of online games. The main theories are intellectual property right, creditor's right and real right, among which the main theories are intellectual property right theory, creditor's right theory and real right theory. The viewpoints discussed by these theories are all reasonable to some extent, but through the analysis, we can conclude that the viewpoint of real right is more appropriate and the supporters are more. From the subject of the legal relationship involved in the virtual property of online games, This paper analyzes the current situation of the protection of the civil law in China from three aspects: the object and the content. It can be seen that most of the legal provisions in China's current civil law, such as "contract Law", "Real right Law", "Tort liability Law" and so on, can refer to the application when dealing with the legal relationship of virtual property of online games. Only because of the particularity of the virtual property of the online game, the civil law still has some shortcomings in protecting it, such as the ownership of the virtual property of the online game is controversial, the identity of the tort subject is difficult to determine. There are differences in the regulation of operators' behavior norms and the use of imputation principles. These problems cannot be effectively solved only by the existing legal provisions in civil law. And the legal provisions and legislative experience of Japan on the protection of virtual property have certain reference value and significance for our country to perfect the civil law protection of virtual property. On the basis of reference, this paper puts forward some concrete suggestions on the problems existing in the civil law protection of virtual property of online games in our country, such as defining the ownership of virtual property, regulating the behavior norms of operators, and determining the identity of the tortfeasor. Clear application of imputation principle. In the long run, it is very feasible to formulate a single law on virtual property, whether it is to safeguard the rights and interests of the virtual property relations, or to the development of the whole network industry. It is also helpful for the protection of the virtual property in the civil law to give the corresponding suggestions to some problems existing in the procedure.
【学位授予单位】：安徽财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923

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