侵权补充责任司法适用研究

发布时间：2018-03-28 00:01

本文选题：侵权补充责任　切入点：追偿权　出处：《甘肃政法学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：现今人类社会纷繁复杂的交往,新型的民事纠纷不断出现,用旧制度调节新纠纷,对当事人来说显得有些不公平不合理。现实生活中责任竞合现象层出不穷,如果以单一的传统责任承担方式解决主体之间的矛盾纠纷,对不同主体的处理结果同样明显不合理。因此,为了调和这种不合理,在旧有的制度之外,出现了补充责任制度。侵权补充责任制度是补充责任制度的亚类型,在《人身损害赔偿司法解释》以及《侵权责任法》均对其作出相关规定,是一种新型的责任分担制度。侵权补充责任制度与其他多数人侵权赔偿制度存在较大区别,该制度是侵权责任法领域的一大创新,有效的解决了现实生活向传统理论和法律提出的难题。该制度有其独有的法律价值,适用范围以及相应的适用规则,弥补旧有制度的不足,为实践中解决当事人之间矛盾有着重要的意义。然而,该制度的相关规定并不完善,现行立法规定也滞后于司法实践,从而导致司法适用混乱,作为一种新的责任制度还有很多地方需要进一步的改进。本文从现行立法以及司法实践角度出发,探究该制度存在的主要问题,就其存在的困惑、责任范围以及追偿权等方面进行论述,提出完善该制度的相关意见使其价值得到充分发挥。本文一共分为四个部分,第一部分分析侵权补充责任制度在实践中的主要问题。从我国的当前立法规定出发,介绍了我国关于该制度的具体法条规定。本文统计2014年至2016年部分案例,从案例中发掘该制度存在的不足与困惑。第二部分研究域外关于侵权补充责任制度的相关规定。域外没有关于补充责任制度的规定,介绍了大陆法系以及英美法系国家相类似的制度规定,大都以连带责任、不真正连带责任的责任承担方式进行处理,域外相应比较成熟机制为我国相关制度的完善提供一定的解决思路。第三部分是介绍了我国学术界关于侵权补充责任制度的不同观点。学者对侵权补充责任制度的态度大致分为三种,即提倡、反对与改进。无论哪种观点都有值得借鉴之处,立法中对该制度予以肯定,因而更应该趋向于对该制度解释适用方面的研究,而不是对制度本身的研究。最后一部分是我国侵权补充责任制度的完善。就本文提出的该制度存在的适用困惑,提出相应的解释及完善意见。明确了该制度有其独特的适用范围、责任范围,以及确认应当恢责任人追偿权,相关的完善意见使该制度更具实践价值。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, with the complicated communication of human society, the emergence of new civil disputes and the adjustment of new disputes with the old system, it is unfair and unreasonable for the parties concerned. If the conflicts and disputes between different subjects are resolved by a single traditional responsibility assumption, the results of dealing with different subjects are also obviously unreasonable. Therefore, in order to reconcile this irrationality, in addition to the old system, The system of supplementary liability has emerged. The system of supplementary tort liability is a subtype of supplementary liability system, which is stipulated in the Judicial interpretation of personal injury compensation and the Tort liability Law. It is a new type of liability sharing system. The system of supplementary liability for tort is different from other tort compensation system, which is a great innovation in the field of tort liability law. The system has its unique legal value, scope of application and corresponding applicable rules, to make up for the shortcomings of the old system. It is of great significance to solve the contradiction between the parties in practice. However, the relevant provisions of the system are not perfect, and the current legislative provisions lag behind the judicial practice, which leads to confusion in the application of justice. As a new responsibility system, there are still many places to be further improved. This paper, from the angle of current legislation and judicial practice, explores the main problems existing in the system, and the perplexity of its existence. The scope of responsibility and the right of recovery are discussed, and the relevant suggestions to improve the system are put forward to give full play to its value. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part analyzes the main problems of the tort supplementary liability system in practice. From the current legislative provisions of our country, it introduces the specific provisions of this system. This paper counts some cases from 2014 to 2016. The second part studies the relevant provisions of the extraterritorial system of supplementary liability for tort. There are no provisions on the system of supplementary liability outside the country. This paper introduces the similar system provisions of civil law system and Anglo-American law system countries, which mostly deal with joint and several liability, not real joint and several liability. The third part introduces the different views of the Chinese academic circles on the system of supplementary liability for tort. There are three kinds of attitudes, That is, advocating, opposing and improving. No matter which point of view is worthy of reference, the legislation affirms the system, and therefore should tend to the research on the interpretation and application of the system. The last part is the perfection of the system of supplementary liability for tort in China. This paper puts forward the corresponding explanation and perfect opinions, clarifies that the system has its unique scope of application, the scope of responsibility, and confirms that the right of recovery should be restored, and the relevant perfect opinions make the system more practical value.
【学位授予单位】：甘肃政法学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923

【相似文献】