公序良俗原则司法适用的模式与类型——基于对243个案件的统计分析

发布时间：2018-03-28 15:23

本文选题：公序良俗原则　切入点：裁判模式　出处：《复旦学报(社会科学版)》2015年05期

【摘要】：对"泸州遗赠案"争论的分析表明,原则裁判面临着前提难以达成共识、原则间的权衡问题以及多元价值观之间的冲突等困境。程序性控制、利益衡量方法、类型化尝试以及可接受性视角的转换等方案,可用于消解原则裁判中的紧张关系,提高原则裁判的合法性与合理性。对适用《民法通则》第七条进行裁判的243个样本案件的统计分析,阐明了适用公序良俗原则条款进行裁判的时间、地区、审级、案由、前提条件、原则类型、裁判模式以及原则在裁判依据中的地位,揭示了我国司法实践中适用公序良俗原则条款进行裁判的四种主要原则类型、两种典型模式以及援引原则条款的四种形式。在司法实践中,公序良俗原则条款最主要指向国家政策、合同效力、家庭关系和民间习俗四种类型,"规则漏洞—原则证成模式"和"依既有规则可解决—规则证成模式"是最常见的两种模式,公序良俗原则单独适用以及分别与《民法通则》第四、五、六条同时适用是法院援引法律原则的四种主要形式。统计还表明,在原则裁判的正当化方案中,程序性控制机制常常失灵,利益衡量方法存在局限,既有的类型化理论也需要更新。
[Abstract]:The analysis of the "Luzhou Legacy case" dispute shows that the principle judgment is faced with difficult to reach consensus on the premise, the tradeoff between principles and the conflict between multiple values, the procedural control, the method of interest measurement, etc. Typological attempts, as well as the conversion of acceptable perspectives, can be used to defuse tensions in the adjudication of principles. To improve the legality and reasonableness of the principle judgment. The statistical analysis of 243 sample cases applied to Article 7 of the General principles of Civil Law shows the time, region, trial grade and cause of the application of the principle of public order and good custom. The precondition, the type of principle, the mode of adjudication and the position of principle in the basis of judgment reveal the four main types of principle of applying the principle clause of public order and good custom in judicial practice in our country. Two typical models and four forms of invoking the principle clause. In judicial practice, the public order good custom principle clause mainly points to the state policy, the contract effect, Four types of family relations and folk customs, "rule loophole-principle proof model" and "according to existing rules resolvable-rule proof model" are the two most common models. The principle of public order and good custom is applied separately and at the same time as the fourth, fifth and sixth articles of the General principles of Civil Law, which are the four main forms in which the court invokes the principle of law. The procedural control mechanism often fails, the method of interest measurement is limited, and the existing typology theory also needs to be updated.
【作者单位】：浙江大学公共管理学院;
【分类号】：D923

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