饲养动物致害侵权责任司法裁判中的疑难问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-06 20:06

本文选题：致害侵权　切入点：饲养动物　出处：《湘潭大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：2010年《侵权责任法》的颁布,明确了对饲养动物损害责任的规定,为保护被侵权人的权利,补偿其损失提供了法律上的保障。虽然理论界对动物侵权进行了细致的研究,但毕竟《侵权责任法》关于饲养动物损害责任颁布的时间不长,实践中仍然存在着法律未被规定的地方,需要我们加以完善。我们在加大力度保护被饲养动物侵权的受害者的利益时,往往忽略了正确认定饲养动物的管理人或者饲养人,而造成其他权利主体人的权利受到侵害。诸如《侵权责任法》第八十二条遗弃、逃逸动物期间被人好心照料,但却造成他人损害,在找到原饲养人或者管理人之前是否可以将善意饲养人等同于饲养人或者管理人,这值得我们商榷。在司法实践中仍然存在着法条的适用上的问题,作为一般规定的《侵权责任法》第七十八条不能与特殊规定的第七十九条和第八十条混合适用,其规定的减轻或者免责事由同时不得适用于第七十九条和第八十条。《侵权责任法》第七十八条虽然将被侵权人故意或者重大过失作为减轻或者免责事由,但不可抗力、约定免责等抗辩事由被民法其他领域适用的免责事由并未写入法条,这使动物饲养人或管理人的责任在一定程度上加重了。动物园作为公共服务的机构,法条规定其适用过错推定责任,与其他法条规定的无过错责任相比,显然是一种责任的减轻,这与其承担公共服务职责应加强公共安全的保障的身份不相符。希望对这些问题的论述,能够使《侵权责任法》在保障被侵害人的权益的同时,保护侵权人的合法权利。
[Abstract]:The promulgation of the Tort liability Law in 2010 clarifies the provisions on the liability for damage caused by raising animals, which provides a legal guarantee for the protection of the rights of the infringed person and for the compensation of his or her losses.Although the theoretical circle has carried on the careful research to the animal tort, but after all, the tort liability law about raising the animal damage responsibility promulgates the time is not long, in the practice still has the law not to be stipulated place, needs us to consummate.When we strengthen our efforts to protect the interests of the victims of animal rights infringement, we often neglect to correctly identify the managers or breeders of the animals, which results in the infringement of the rights of other subjects of rights.Section 82 of the Tort liability Act, such as abandonment, is well cared for during the escape of the animal, but causes damage to others, whether the bona fide breeder may be equated with the breeder or manager before the original breeder or manager is found,This is open to question.In judicial practice, there are still problems in the application of the articles of law. As a general provision, Article 78 of the Tort liability Law cannot be applied in combination with articles 79 and 80 of the special provisions.The mitigation or exemption provided for shall not be applicable to articles 79 and 80 at the same time. Article 78 of the Tort liability Law shall, although the infringer intentionally or grossly negligently takes the intention or gross negligence of the infringer as a mitigating or exonerating reason, force majeure,The defense such as agreed exemption is not included in the law which is applicable in other fields of civil law, which makes the responsibility of animal breeders or managers heavier to a certain extent.The zoo, as a public service institution, provides for its liability to apply the presumption of fault, which is obviously a reduction in liability compared with the no-fault liability provided for in other articles.This does not accord with the identity that the public service should strengthen the public security.It is hoped that the discussion of these problems will enable the Tort liability Law to protect the rights and interests of the infringers while protecting the legitimate rights of the infringers.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923

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