祭奠权的定性及其法律保护

发布时间：2018-04-17 19:45

本文选题：祭奠权 + 定性　；参考：《辽宁大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：伴随着民众法律保护意识的增强,越来越多的新型化纠纷不断出现,给司法实践带来了越来越多的新挑战。本文选取了近年来新兴起的民事权益——“祭奠权”来进行研究和讨论。“祭奠权”早在几年之前就有人探讨过,但是使用的概念是“祭奠利益”或者“祭奠权益”,即尚未将祭奠行为上升为一种类型化的权利。本文突破了原始观念,直接将近亲属对逝者的祭奠行为上升为一种应受法律保护的权利,并从三个大方面对“祭奠权”作了较为系统的论述。首先,本文通过李某、谭某诉王某祭奠权益纠纷一案,引出“祭奠权”纠纷在现实生活中的表现形式,并通过分析案例,得出祭奠纠纷案件的焦点问题有两个:第一,对于“祭奠权”这种没有法律明确规定的新型化权利应该如何定性;第二,法律应该如何保护“祭奠权”,从而使这种新型化的民事权利具有可诉性。其次,通过对第一部分案例的系统分析,引出第二部分对“祭奠权”概念的定义,通过“祭奠权”的概念和特征进一步分析出“祭奠权”的性质应该是一种身份权,即近亲属基于身份关系对已故近亲属进行追悼和哀思的权利,是依附于身份权而派生出来的附属权利。最后,该部分是本文的核心和重点,即法律如何保护“祭奠权”。第一,笔者分析了对“祭奠权”进行保护的现实意义,并通过第二部分对“祭奠权”性质的总结分析出“祭奠权”纠纷的请求权基础是身份权请求权;第二,通过列举的形式对祭奠纠纷的类型进行了总结并相应的得出了祭奠侵权的责任承担方式;最后,通过现行法律对“祭奠权”保护的不充分,笔者提出了自己的拙见。笔者认为,目前将“祭奠权”纳入法律中并无必要,也没有可行性,我们完全可以通过从“祭奠权”的性质入手来保护“祭奠权”,即将身份权进行扩大化解释,从而将“祭奠权”涵盖其中。这样,在“祭奠权”发生纠纷时,其请求权基础顺其自然归结于身份权发生妨害请求权,使得法院在审理“祭奠权”纠纷案件有法可依,从而使受害人的合法祭奠权益有了明确的法律保护。
[Abstract]:With the enhancement of people's consciousness of legal protection, more and more new disputes appear, which brings more and more new challenges to judicial practice.This paper selects the civil rights and interests-the right to sacrifice, which has emerged in recent years-to be studied and discussed."the right to sacrifice" has been discussed several years ago, but the concept used is "the right to sacrifice" or "the right to sacrifice", that is to say, the right to sacrifice has not been raised into a type of right.This article breaks through the primitive idea, and directly approaches the relatives' memorial service to the deceased to become a kind of right which should be protected by law, and makes a systematic discussion on the "right of memorial service" from three major aspects.First of all, through the case of Li Mou, Tan Mou v. Wang Mou's dispute over the right to sacrifice, this paper leads to the manifestation of the dispute of "the right to sacrifice" in real life, and through the analysis of the case, it concludes that there are two focal issues in the case of the dispute: first,How to characterize the "right of memorial service", which is not clearly stipulated by law, and how the law should protect the "right of memorial service" so as to make this new-type civil right justiciable.Secondly, through the systematic analysis of the first part of the case, the second part of the definition of the "right to sacrifice", through the concept and characteristics of the "right to sacrifice" further analysis of the nature of the "right to sacrifice" should be a kind of identity right.That is, the right of close relatives to mourn and mourn the deceased relatives based on the identity relationship is a subsidiary right derived from the right of identity.Finally, this part is the core and focus of this article, that is, how the law protects the right to sacrifice.First, the author analyzes the practical significance of the protection of the "right to sacrifice", and through the second part of the nature of the "right to sacrifice" summary and analysis of the "right of memorial service" dispute claim is based on the right to claim status; second,Through the enumeration of the form of the types of memorial disputes summarized and corresponding to the liability for the tort of memorial service to bear the way; finally, through the current law of "the right to sacrifice" inadequate protection, the author put forward his own humble opinion.The author thinks that it is not necessary and feasible to bring the right of memorial service into the law at present. We can protect the right of memorial service through the nature of the right of memorial service, that is to say, the right of identity should be expanded and explained.Thus, the right to sacrifice will be covered.In this way, when there is a dispute over the "right of memorial service", the basis of its right of claim naturally comes down to the right of impairing the claim of the right of identity, so that the court has a legal basis to abide by in the trial of the dispute case of the "right of memorial service".Thus, the legal rights and interests of victims have a clear legal protection.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923

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