消费者冷静期制度在我国的完善

发布时间：2018-04-18 13:27

本文选题：消费者 + 冷静期　；参考：《安徽大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国2013年修订后的《消费者权益保护法》第25条规定了七日无理由退货制度,又称消费者冷静期制度。由于对该制度的规定较为原则,诸如适用范围、条件等方面不甚明确,加之缺乏配套制度的支持,实施中面临较多的困惑。加强对该制度适用中相关法律问题的研究,对于维护消费者的合法权益,促进交易的有序进行,乃至社会经济的健康发展,具有重要的理论与现实意义。在消费者冷静期制度的适用范围上,发达国家涵盖上门推销、远程交易、信用消费、分时度假甚至其他特殊领域。依照我国现行法律规定,消费者冷静期制度仅适用于网络、电视、电话、邮寄等远程交易领域,不仅操作程序有待规范,而且适用范围有待进一步拓展。在远程交易领域,对冷静期制度适用中的除外商品及兜底条款的界定需进一步明晰。在消费者冷静期制度的适用条件上,发达国家多将经营者违反告知义务与冷静期期限的起算点与长短的延长结合起来,较好地实现了原则性与灵活性的结合。我国应当强化经营者的告知义务,将“退货商品完好”理解为商品本身的完好无损。区分不同的交易方式及领域,确定冷静期的起算及内涵。如将冷静期期限的起算点理解为“收到商品的次日”,将“七日”理解为工作日,从而作出有利于消费者的解释。发达国家冷静期制度的法律效果类似于合同解除权。我国应当区分商品的正常损耗与毁损灭失等不同情况,采取不同的处理方法。对于退货费用,首先依“意思自治”原则而定；若商品宣传与实物不符,则由经营者承担；若基于消费者自身喜好,则由消费者承担较为合适。为规范消费者冷静期制度的实际运行,发挥其应有作用,除了在法律层面上确立该制度外,相关保障机制的构建也较为重要。为此,应当建立实名制双向信用评价体系,强化相关部门的监管职能,进一步发挥消费者组织的作用,加强行业自律,强化网络平台责任以及设置仲裁前置程序,确保消费者冷静期制度的有效运行。
[Abstract]:Article 25 of China's revised Consumer Rights and interests Protection Act in 2013 provides for a seven-day unjustified return system, which is also called the consumer cooling-off period system.Because the provisions of the system are not clear, such as the scope of application, conditions and other aspects, coupled with the lack of support from the supporting system, there is more confusion in the implementation of the system.It is of great theoretical and practical significance to strengthen the research on the relevant legal issues in the application of this system for safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of consumers, promoting the orderly conduct of transactions, and even the healthy development of social economy.In the scope of consumer cooling-off system, developed countries cover door-to-door sales, remote trading, credit consumption, timesharing and even other special areas.According to the current laws and regulations of our country, the system of consumer cooling-off period is only applicable to the network, television, telephone, mail and other remote trading fields, not only the operating procedures need to be standardized, but also the scope of application needs to be further expanded.In the field of remote trading, the definition of excluded commodities and bottom clauses in the application of the cooling-off period system needs to be further clarified.In terms of the applicable conditions of the consumer cooling-off period, the developed countries combine the operator's breach of the obligation of notification with the extension of the starting point and the length of the cooling-off period, which realizes the combination of principle and flexibility.Our country should strengthen the operator's obligation of informing, and understand "return goods in good condition" as the integrity of the goods themselves.Distinguish different trading methods and areas and determine the beginning and connotation of the cooling-off period.For example, the starting point of the cooling-off period is understood as "the next day after the receipt of the goods", and "seven days" is understood as the working day, thus providing an explanation in favour of the consumer.The legal effect of the cooling-off period system in developed countries is similar to the right of termination of contract.China should distinguish the normal loss from the damage and loss of goods and adopt different treatment methods.For the return cost, first of all according to the "will autonomy" principle; if the goods are not in line with the actual goods, the operator will bear; if based on consumer preferences, the consumer is more appropriate to bear.In order to standardize the actual operation of the consumer cooling-off period and play its due role, in addition to establishing the system on the legal level, the construction of the relevant safeguard mechanism is also more important.Therefore, we should establish a real name two-way credit evaluation system, strengthen the supervisory functions of relevant departments, further exert the role of consumer organizations, strengthen the self-discipline of the industry, strengthen the responsibility of network platforms, and set up arbitration procedures.Ensure the effective operation of the consumer cooling-off period system.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.8

【相似文献】