论不动产事实物权

发布时间：2018-05-14 19:05

本文选题：不动产 + 事实物权　；参考：《中国地质大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：不动产事实物权与法律物权相对,是一种未经登记确认但确有保护必要的权利状态。虽然理论界对不动产事实物权理论始终存疑,争议颇大,但现有的司法解释已经开始突破“登记确权”的唯一性,有条件地承认不动产事实物权。对145份司法判决书的实证研究表明,不动产事实物权理论已在实务界得到广泛应用,实务界对不动产事实物权的认可度高达64.14%。其中,对法定型不动产事实物权的认可度最高,约定型不动产事实物权次之,转让型不动产事实物权和家庭关系型不动产事实物权认可度较低,但仍超过了60%。抛开了登记对权利归属的确认作用,法官将确权的目光投向了出资、占有、协议约定、不动产产权证书的持有等事实要素上。在不同类型的不动产事实物权案件中,这些要素以不同的方式进行排列组合,构成了不同类型不动产事实物权的成立要件。满足了这些成立要件的不动产事实物权具有支配性,本质上是一种物权而非债权。不动产事实物权的法律效力本质上是一种物权效力,但与经登记确认的一般不动产物权效力之间存在差别。在登记权利人与事实物权人之间,不动产事实物权的法律效力同一般物权的法律效力一般无二。在存在第三人的情况下,不动产事实物权仅对普通债权第三人产生积极对抗力,对善意交易人无对抗力,对除此之外的其他第三人产生消极对抗力。在判断善意交易人是否为“善意”时,不仅要考虑登记状况,更要考虑交易人在进行不动产交易时的主观心态。若交易人明知登记状况与事实不符,或对房屋占有人非为交易方的事实置之不理,那么应当认定交易人不是善意的,不动产事实物权对其可以产生积极的对抗作用。
[Abstract]:The real estate right is relative to the legal real right. It is a state of rights which is not confirmed by registration but is necessary to be protected. Although the theory of real estate fact is always doubtful and controversial, the existing judicial explanation has begun to break through the uniqueness of "the right to register and confirm", and to admit the real property of the fact of real estate conditionally. The empirical research on 145 judicial judgments shows that the theory of real estate fact and property right has been widely used in the field of practice, and the recognition degree of the real estate fact property right in the practical circle is as high as 64.14%. Among them, the recognition of the legal type of real estate is the highest, the contract type of the real estate is the second, the transfer type of the real estate and the family relationship type of the real estate are lower, but still exceed 60%. Leaving aside the role of registration in the confirmation of the ownership of the right, the judge sets his eyes on the factual elements of capital contribution, possession, agreement, and the holding of the real estate property right certificate. In different types of real estate cases, these elements are arranged and combined in different ways. The factual real right of immovable property, which satisfies these requirements of establishment, is in essence a kind of real right rather than a creditor's right. The legal effect of real estate fact is essentially a kind of real right effect, but there is a difference between it and the real right effect of general real estate confirmed by registration. Between the registered owner and the real person, the legal effect of the real estate is no different from that of the general real right. In the case of the existence of the third party, the real property right of the fact of real estate only produces positive antagonism to the third party of the ordinary creditor's rights, no confrontation to the bona fide trader, and negative antagonism to the other third parties. In judging whether the bona fide trader is "bona fide", we should not only consider the registration situation, but also consider the subjective mentality of the trader in the real estate transaction. If the trader knows that the state of registration is inconsistent with the facts, or ignores the fact that the owner of the house is not a party to the transaction, then it should be assumed that the transferee is not bona fide, and the real property right of the real estate can have a positive antagonistic effect on it.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.2

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