医疗侵权问题的法经济学分析

发布时间：2018-06-04 04:12

本文选题：医疗侵权 + 归责原则　；参考：《吉林大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：社会的不断进步,科技的蓬勃发展,不断改变着我们的生活方式,但生老病死却是一个难以逃避的话题。在网络化和电商时代铺天盖地的当今社会,医疗却始终实实在在的融入在我们的生活当中。医生救死扶伤、患者重获健康,本应该是和谐友好的关系,但是,近些年,医疗侵权案件数量不断扩张,医患之间的矛盾不断加剧,引起了社会和媒体的高度关注。医患关系的不断紧张,最直接的原因就是医疗侵权没有得到妥善的解决,患者认为权益受到损害,没有得到相应的赔偿,现有法律手段又难以最有效快速的得到补偿,进而通过暴力事件引发社会关注,将矛头指向医院;而医院和医生因为本身技术不足或职业道德的缺失、亦或者由于频繁的受到患者的暴力侵害而采取保守治疗,使得医疗侵权频发。医患关系的和谐是建设社会主义和谐社会的一个重要的组成部分,往往由医疗侵权所导致的纠纷会形成社会的不稳定因素。目前我国对医疗侵权案件的研究一直都是法学界的热点,不断出台的新法针对这一问题作出更加完善的规定。但是,金无足赤,传统法学理论对这医疗侵权领域的问题研究仍然存在一些困境和瓶颈。传统法学注重对法条的辨析和定义,而忽略了法律对实践所发挥的作用,归责和赔偿原则体系不够完善,导致有些特殊案件难以依据现有法律进行判定,难以有效保护受害者权益,此外,医疗保险审查的形式性使得过度医疗难以得到有效的抑制,浪费社会资源。因此,本文尝试从法经济学的角度对医疗侵权问题的归责和赔偿原则进行深入地分析,试图寻找一种在经济学上达到效率最大化、成本最小化的制度安排,该研究具有一定的理论意义和现实意义。其理论意义在于,将科斯定理、汉德公式、博弈论等法经济学基础理论作为研究工具,从成本-收益角度分析医疗侵权行为中的归责和赔偿问题,以此为基础,针对医疗侵权行为的特殊性对其进行经济学理论分析。其现实意义在于,运用法经济学理论对医疗侵权归责原则和赔偿原则进行分析,为解决实际的医疗侵权问题提供一个经济学的新视角。同时,可以对相关的法律法规从经济学角度加以评述,为提出合理可行的政策建议参考,通过完善归责原则和赔偿原则体系,以及建立一种新型的医疗责任保险制度来规范医疗侵权相关问题。
[Abstract]:The progress of society and the vigorous development of science and technology constantly change our way of life, but life, old age, illness and death is an unavoidable topic. In the era of networking and e-commerce, medical care has always been integrated into our lives. Doctors heal the dead and recover the health of patients, which should be a harmonious and friendly relationship. However, in recent years, the number of medical infringement cases has been expanding, the contradiction between doctors and patients has been intensified, which has aroused the high attention of the society and the media. The most direct reason for the continuous tension between doctors and patients is that the medical tort has not been properly resolved, the patients think that their rights and interests have been damaged, they have not received corresponding compensation, and the existing legal means are difficult to get the most effective and rapid compensation. In turn, the violence has aroused social concern and directed the spearhead at hospitals; hospitals and doctors, because of their own lack of technology or lack of professional ethics, or because they are frequently subjected to violence by patients, take conservative treatment. Make medical tort frequent. The harmony of doctor-patient relationship is an important part of building a harmonious socialist society. At present, the research on medical tort cases in China has been a hot spot in the field of law. However, there are still some difficulties and bottlenecks in the field of medical tort. The traditional jurisprudence pays attention to the discrimination and definition of the articles of law, but neglects the role of law in practice, and the system of imputation and compensation principle is not perfect enough, which results in some special cases being difficult to judge according to the existing law. It is difficult to effectively protect the rights and interests of victims. In addition, the formal nature of medical insurance review makes it difficult to effectively restrain excessive medical treatment and waste social resources. Therefore, this paper tries to analyze deeply the principle of liability and compensation in medical tort from the angle of law and economics, and tries to find a kind of institutional arrangement that maximizes efficiency and minimizes cost in economics. This research has certain theoretical and practical significance. The theoretical significance lies in taking the basic theories of law and economics such as Coase theorem, Hande formula and game theory as research tools to analyze the liability and compensation in medical tort from the angle of cost and benefit. According to the particularity of medical tort, the economic theory is analyzed. The practical significance lies in the application of the theory of law and economics to the analysis of the principles of liability and compensation for medical tort, which provides a new economic perspective for solving the actual medical tort. At the same time, we can comment on the relevant laws and regulations from the angle of economics, in order to put forward reasonable and feasible policy suggestions, we can perfect the principle of imputation and the principle system of compensation. And the establishment of a new medical liability insurance system to regulate medical tort related issues.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D923

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