商标共存机制研究

发布时间：2018-06-21 02:10

本文选题：商标共存 + 混淆理论　；参考：《华中师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济的迅速发展,商标共存现象已屡见不鲜。所谓的“商标共存”指的是,在同种或相似的商品或服务上使用相同或者类似商标的现象。这种现象从表面上看来挑战了传统意义上的混淆理论和侵权理论,但实则,是对混淆理论与侵权理论的一种完善和补充。在国外,商标共存理论的相关研究已较为祥具,大多数国家的立法体系与司法机制已对商标共存的客观法律事实进行了认证,反观我国,由于法律体系不够完善,相关制度不够健全,商标共存理论现阶段还尚未正式纳入法律体系与框架中。本研究认为在不违背商标法意旨下,我国在法律上认可商标共存,建立商标共存机制,对维持商业的自由竞争与相关权益都有很大的帮助,同时也可增加现有的经营者使用自有商标时的底气与自信,平衡商标权人、商业竞争者与相关消费者利益,更是对自由竞争市场秩序的保护。在同种或类似商品上使用相同或相似的商标是商标侵权和商标合法共存界限中的模糊地带,而我国在传统理论上并没有将商标共存与侵权厘清开来。事实上,在同种或类似的商品上使用相同或者相似的商标并不必然导致消费者产生选择混淆,这为商标共存现象预留一定的法律空间。另一方面,从公平与效率原则的角度看,国内外大量实践证明,认定商标合法共存比判定商标侵权更为公平,更加符合效率原则。基于此,本研究首先通过商标共存的理论与概念入手,以市场的经济效益与法律视角为出发点,对商标共存理论进行了理性的分析与探讨,同时对国外的商标共存机制与案例进行了分析与参考,进而对如何完善我国的相关机制提出了具体的建议与可行性方法。本文共由五部分内容构成:第一章是对商标共存理论的分析和探讨,主要阐述了商标共存现象的产生和制度是如何演进的,以及对商标共存的内涵和类型进行介绍;第二章是对商标共存的认证研究,对商标的实际使用情况进行了论述,以及分析了商标共存协议,分别从是否构成不正当竞争或者垄断、有无防止发生实质混淆的措施、是否涉及公共利益三方面进行了分析;第三章对商标共存制度之理性进行论证,从公平与正义的法律理性、市场效益的经济理性和商标共存的域外立法和运行模式的经验理性三方面进行了论证分析;第四部分从立法层面和司法层面对我国商标共存机制现状进行了评价,总结我国法律和实践当中存在的问题;第五部分是全文研究的核心部分,基于前文分析在法律和实践层面提出了六点完善建议。希望通过本部分的探讨可以明晰商标共存的脉络,发现实践中的问题,以期对相关的工作和实务有所裨益。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy, trademark coexistence phenomenon has been common. "Trademark coexistence" refers to the use of the same or similar trademark in the same or similar goods or services. On the surface, this phenomenon challenges the traditional confusion theory and tort theory, but in fact, it is a kind of perfection and supplement to the confusion theory and tort theory. In foreign countries, the related research of trademark coexistence theory has been more auspicious. The legislative system and judicial mechanism of most countries have authenticated the objective legal facts of trademark coexistence. In contrast, the legal system is not perfect enough in our country. The related system is not perfect, the trademark coexistence theory has not yet been formally incorporated into the legal system and framework. This study holds that, without violating the intention of trademark law, the coexistence of trademark and the establishment of trademark coexistence mechanism in China are of great help to maintain the free competition and related rights and interests of commerce. At the same time, it can also increase the confidence and confidence of existing operators when using their own trademark, balance the interests of trademark owners, commercial competitors and related consumers, and protect the order of free competition market. The use of the same or similar trademark on the same or similar goods is a fuzzy zone in the boundary of trademark infringement and trademark legal coexistence, but the traditional theory of our country has not clarified the coexistence and infringement of trademark. In fact, the use of the same or similar trademarks on the same or similar goods does not necessarily lead to confusion of choice by consumers, which reserves a certain legal space for the coexistence of trademarks. On the other hand, from the point of view of the principle of fairness and efficiency, a large number of practices at home and abroad have proved that it is more fair and more consistent with the principle of efficiency to determine the legal coexistence of trademarks than to determine the infringement of trademarks. Based on this, this research firstly starts with the theory and concept of trademark coexistence, taking the market economic benefit and legal perspective as the starting point, carries on the rational analysis and the discussion to the trademark coexistence theory. At the same time, the author analyzes and consults the foreign trademark coexistence mechanism and cases, and then puts forward some concrete suggestions and feasible methods on how to perfect the related mechanism in China. This paper consists of five parts: the first chapter is the analysis and discussion of trademark coexistence theory, mainly expounds the emergence of trademark coexistence phenomenon and how the system evolves, and introduces the connotation and types of trademark coexistence; The second chapter is the certification of trademark coexistence, discusses the actual use of trademark, and analyzes the trademark coexistence agreement, from whether to constitute unfair competition or monopoly, whether there are measures to prevent the occurrence of substantial confusion. The third chapter demonstrates the rationality of trademark coexistence system from the perspective of fairness and justice. The economic rationality of market efficiency and the empirical rationality of extraterritorial legislation and operation mode of trademark coexistence are demonstrated and analyzed. The fourth part evaluates the present situation of trademark coexistence mechanism in China from the legislative and judicial levels. The fifth part is the core part of the full text research, based on the previous analysis, the author puts forward six suggestions on the legal and practical aspects. It is hoped that the discussion in this part can clarify the venation of trademark coexistence and find out the problems in practice so as to benefit the relevant work and practice.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.43

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