论网络时代下的被遗忘权

发布时间：2018-06-26 08:20

本文选题：被遗忘权 + 互联网　；参考：《广西师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：现代网络技术等科技的进步给人们的生活带来很大的变化。在现代社会中,人们使用互联网的方式已经不仅仅局限于使用电脑,手机技术的发展以及相关网络软件的不断完善使越来越多的人可以使用互联网并享受网络技术等科学技术的发展给他们带来的便利生活。但是网络技术等科学技术的发展也是一把双刃剑,在我们享受科学技术发展给我们的生活带来便利的同时,也应当注意科学技术的发展给我们的合法权益带来的潜在隐患和威胁。人们通过各种网络软件及网络媒体在网络上与他人进行交流,但在使用互联网的过程中我们都会将大量个人信息数据上传至网络,而网络后台空间又将这些个人信息数据进行永久的保存。然而数字技术的发展和互联网的全球化使网络逐渐从“默认的遗忘”走向“默认的记忆”,越来越先进的网络以及数据处理技术使我们的个人信息数据处于一种不安全的状况,甚至我们的一言一行以及发表在网络上的照片等个人信息数据都会在我们删除之后仍然在网络数据后台进行保存,而这些“网络记忆”可能会在未来的某一天给我们个人的名誉、工作和生活带来不可预料的潜在危险以及负面影响,阻碍人们个人的人格发展以及追求我们想要的生活。面对网络技术等科学技术的发展给我国公民的合法权益带来的新问题、新挑战,我国法律体系没有做到与时俱进,无法有效的解决这些问题,全面、切实保护我国公民的合法权益。面对网络技术等科学技术的发展给个人信息数据带来的挑战,欧盟地区率先提出并设立被遗忘权,并审判了全世界第一例被遗忘权案,支持了冈萨雷斯的被遗忘权请求,判决谷歌公司将有关信息数据链接进行删除,并保证人们无法通过谷歌相关链接找到相关信息数据。判决一出,引起了全世界法学界的关注。随后世界各国纷纷效仿并设立与被遗忘权有关的规范性法律文件对公民的个人信息数据权益进行保护。我国在40多部规范性法律文件中,都可见到有关个人信息保护的法律条款或者体现被遗忘权精神的法律条款。但由于过于散乱,不成体系,甚至有的规范性法律文件之间相互冲突,造成我国法律体系在此方面存在空白、漏洞的情况,导致在实际操作中相关规范性法律文件可用性不大,而个人信息数据作为一项体现人权以及人格权属性的合法权益,却在人们的有关合法权益受到侵害时无法通过人格权相关权利进行保护,并且也无法通过我国现有的有关被遗忘权的规范性法律文件得到全面的保护。故我国应当在借鉴西方国家相关立法基础上,构建专门的《信息数据保护法》,并在其中确定被遗忘权,弥补我国在此方面的立法缺失,使公民在受到该方面合法权益的损害时可以有法可依,使法官在断案时有法可循。笔者以期通过本文的写作,给我国构建被遗忘权,保护公民信息数据权益方面提供一些可行的建议。本文主要从四部分探讨被遗忘权:第一部分介绍了被遗忘权产生的基础,包括被遗忘权产生的事实基础、理论基础以及法律基础。在研究分析国内外对被遗忘权概念的各种意见之后,提出了笔者对于被遗忘权概念的看法,并且通过对被遗忘权概念的分析确定被遗忘权的特征;第二部分主要探讨被遗忘权的法律关系,并且将被遗忘权与其它相关权利进行比较分析,在此基础上提出被遗忘权存在的必要性和重要性,对被遗忘权进行必要的理论研究与分析;第三部分将国内外被遗忘权法律制度进行比较考察,并对相关案例进行分析,包括欧盟、美国以及我国被遗忘权法律制度以及有关案例进行分析并从中获得一定的启示,为第四部分的论述打下基础;第四部分在前三部分的研究与论述的基础之上,结合我国的具体实际情况,主要研究在我国如何构建被遗忘权,侵犯被遗忘权的判断标准,构建被遗忘权后如何行使被遗忘权以及应当如何对被遗忘权进行必要的限制提出可行性的建议。并希望可以借此给我国相关立法提供参考,促进我国信息数据保护方面的立法。
[Abstract]:In modern society, the way people use the Internet is not only limited to the use of computers, the development of mobile technology and the continuous improvement of related network software so that more and more people can use the Internet and enjoy the science and technology of network technology in modern society. The development of the technology brings convenience to them. But the development of science and technology, such as network technology, is also a double-edged sword. While we enjoy the convenience of the development of science and technology to our lives, we should also pay attention to the potential hidden dangers and threats of the development of science and technology to our legitimate rights and interests. The network media communicate with others on the Internet, but in the process of using the Internet, we all upload a large number of personal information data to the network, and the network backend space keeps these personal information data permanently. However, the development of digital technology and the globalization of the Internet have made the network gradually from the "default". Forget to go to the default memory. Increasingly advanced networks and data processing technology make our personal information data in an unsafe condition. Even our personal information, such as our words and lines, and photos published on the network, will still be kept in the backstage of the network data after we delete it. Some "network memory" may bring unforeseen potential danger and negative influence to our personal reputation, work and life in the future one day, hinder people's personal development and pursue the life we want. New questions about the legitimate rights and interests of our citizens face the development of science and technology such as network technology. Problems, new challenges, China's legal system does not keep pace with the times, can not effectively solve these problems, comprehensively and effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of the citizens of our country. Facing the challenge of the development of science and technology such as network technology to personal information data, the EU has taken the lead in putting forward and setting up the right to be forgotten, and has tried the first case of the world to be left out. The forgetting case, which supported Gonzales's forgetting claim, decided that the Google Corporation would delete the information data link and ensure that people could not find relevant information through the Google link. The legal document of the law protects the rights and interests of citizens' personal information and data. In our more than 40 normative legal documents, we can see the legal provisions on the protection of personal information or the legal provisions that embody the spirit of the right to be forgotten. There is a gap in the legal system in our country, and the situation of loopholes leads to the lack of availability of relevant normative legal documents in actual operation, while personal information data, as a legitimate rights and interests of human rights and personality rights, can not be guaranteed by the rights related to personality rights when people's legal rights and interests are infringed. And it can not be fully protected by the existing legal documents on the right to be forgotten in our country. Therefore, our country should build a special "information and data protection law" on the basis of the relevant legislation of the western countries and determine the right to be forgotten in it, to make up for the lack of legislation in this area and to make the citizens in this respect. When the legal rights and interests are damaged, the judge can follow the law, so that the judge can follow the law when the case is broken. I hope to provide some feasible suggestions for China to build the right to be forgotten and protect the rights and interests of citizens' information data through this article. This article mainly discusses the right to be forgotten in the four part: the first part introduces the foundation of the right to be forgotten. After analyzing various opinions about the concept of the right to be forgotten at home and abroad, the author puts forward the author's views on the concept of the right to be forgotten and determines the characteristics of the right to be forgotten by the analysis of the concept of the right to be forgotten; the second part mainly discusses the law of the right to be forgotten. On the basis of the comparison and analysis of the right to be forgotten and other related rights, the necessity and importance of the existence of the right to be forgotten and the necessary theoretical research and Analysis on the right to be forgotten are made on this basis. The third part compares the legal system of the right to be forgotten at home and abroad, and analyzes the relevant cases, including the EU and the United States. The state and the legal system of the right to be forgotten in China and the relevant cases are analyzed and gained some inspiration to lay the foundation for the discussion of the fourth part; the fourth part, based on the research and discussion of the first three parts, and the concrete actual situation of our country, mainly studies how to construct the right to be forgotten and to infringe the right to be forgotten in our country. Judging standards, how to build the right to be forgotten after the right to be forgotten and how to put forward the necessary restrictions on the right to be forgotten, and hope to provide reference for relevant legislation in our country and promote the legislation of information data protection in our country.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923

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