共同担保的实证研究
发布时间：2018-10-05 08:56
【摘要】：担保物权系以确保债务的清偿为目的,而于债务人或第三人所有物或权利上设立。各种担保方式中,除债务人自己提供的担保物外,否则担保人的法律地位一律平等,无何者先行实行的问题。担保人与债务人的关系不可一概而论,其是否承担连带关系,应视其有无明确约定或法律的规定而定。通过对共同担保规则的释义与理论检讨,结合司法实践的视角而言,共同担保人之间的责任承担规则可概括如下:担保人之间有约定依约定;无约定情形下,债务人提供的物保理应得到优先实现,以体现其为最终的义务承担者;如果担保均由第三人提供,则承担担保责任的担保人,可以自由选择任一担保责任人进行追偿,且追偿并无顺位的限制;追偿份额有约定依其约定,无约定,共同保证按照人数平均分配,混合共同担保则依担保物价值与保证人所负之责任比例确定;第三人类型的担保人并存时,债权人放弃部分担保权将导致其余担保人在相应的责任范围内免责,因第三人类型的担保人担保的同一债务属于同一层次之债,得成立连带债务。《担保法》第12条及相关司法解释中,除非当事人之间存在明确约定,否则依法推定共同保证人对债务承担连带清偿义务。此外,肯定保证人之间享有追偿权并不违背《物权法》第176条的立法精神。
[Abstract]:A security interest is established in the property or rights of the debtor or a third party for the purpose of securing the satisfaction of the obligation. The legal status of the guarantor is equal except the security provided by the debtor, and there is no question of which should be put into practice first. The relationship between guarantor and debtor can not be generalized, whether the guarantor undertakes the joint relationship or not depends on whether there is an explicit agreement or a legal provision. By reviewing the interpretation and theory of the rules of co-guarantee, and combining the perspective of judicial practice, the rules of liability bearing between co-guarantors can be summarized as follows: there is an agreement between guarantors according to the agreement; in the case of no agreement, The reassurance provided by the debtor should be given priority in order to reflect that it is the ultimate duty bearers; if all the guarantees are provided by a third party, the guarantor who bears the responsibility for the security may freely choose any person responsible for the security to pursue the claim, And there is no restriction of the order of recovery; the share of recovery is agreed according to its agreement, without agreement, the joint guarantee is distributed equally according to the number of persons, and the mixed co-guarantee is determined by the value of the guaranty and the proportion of the guarantor's liability. When the third party type of guarantor coexists, the creditor waiving part of the security right will lead to the exemption of the remaining guarantor within the corresponding scope of liability, because the same obligation guaranteed by the third party type guarantor belongs to the same level of debt, Article 12 of the Guaranty Law and the relevant judicial interpretation, unless there is a clear agreement between the parties, the joint guarantor is presumed to be jointly and severally liable for the payment of the debt according to law. In addition, affirmation of the right of recourse between guarantors does not violate the legislative spirit of Article 176 of the property Law.
【学位授予单位】：江西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923
[Abstract]:A security interest is established in the property or rights of the debtor or a third party for the purpose of securing the satisfaction of the obligation. The legal status of the guarantor is equal except the security provided by the debtor, and there is no question of which should be put into practice first. The relationship between guarantor and debtor can not be generalized, whether the guarantor undertakes the joint relationship or not depends on whether there is an explicit agreement or a legal provision. By reviewing the interpretation and theory of the rules of co-guarantee, and combining the perspective of judicial practice, the rules of liability bearing between co-guarantors can be summarized as follows: there is an agreement between guarantors according to the agreement; in the case of no agreement, The reassurance provided by the debtor should be given priority in order to reflect that it is the ultimate duty bearers; if all the guarantees are provided by a third party, the guarantor who bears the responsibility for the security may freely choose any person responsible for the security to pursue the claim, And there is no restriction of the order of recovery; the share of recovery is agreed according to its agreement, without agreement, the joint guarantee is distributed equally according to the number of persons, and the mixed co-guarantee is determined by the value of the guaranty and the proportion of the guarantor's liability. When the third party type of guarantor coexists, the creditor waiving part of the security right will lead to the exemption of the remaining guarantor within the corresponding scope of liability, because the same obligation guaranteed by the third party type guarantor belongs to the same level of debt, Article 12 of the Guaranty Law and the relevant judicial interpretation, unless there is a clear agreement between the parties, the joint guarantor is presumed to be jointly and severally liable for the payment of the debt according to law. In addition, affirmation of the right of recourse between guarantors does not violate the legislative spirit of Article 176 of the property Law.
【学位授予单位】：江西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923
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