论非自愿公众人物隐私权和新闻自由的冲突与协调

发布时间：2018-11-16 21:11

【摘要】：当今社会,新闻媒体充当了舆论信息中介者与主导者的角色,是信息传播、人民监督的重要工具。此外,人是具有社会性的,长期处在集体中的人类往往习惯性地打探、讨论他人的私隐。一些新闻媒体为了提高收视率,常常有意无意间满足了人们这种习惯。当普通大众偶然地参与到某件意外发生的影响较大的事件中时,他们隐私权被新闻媒体侵犯的可能性就大大增加了。隐私权是作为人格权的一种受到保护的,而新闻自由则是实现言论自由的重要手段,两种权利是属于同一位阶的,因此价值位阶不能作为二者冲突时明确哪一方应该让步的依据。那么,新闻媒体究竟可不可以毫无顾忌的报道个人的私隐?当人们的隐私被公之于众的时候如何维护自己的权利?追根究底就是一个问题,在新闻自由和隐私权之间我们应该怎么权衡。本文主要分为引言、正文、结语三大部分,围绕非公众人物隐私权与新闻自由的关系进行探讨,在对相关概念进行界定后分析二者产生冲突的原因并且尝试就此提出解决方案。引言部分主要通过两个新闻事件来叙述选题的原因。正文主要从四个部分进行论述:第一部分主要对非自愿公众人物隐私权和新闻自由进行概述,在对相关概念有较为准确的理解的基础上再对问题进行研究。第二部分的主要内容是对非自愿公众人物隐私权和新闻自由发生冲突的几种表现进行归纳总结。二者的冲突首先体现在新闻采访当中,使用不同的采访方式时没有掌握好合法的边界,或者为了采访使用了不恰当、过激的手段。其次,二者的冲突还体现在新闻报道当中。最常见的侵犯隐私权的方式就是在报道中未经当事人同意透露了当事人的个人信息,并造成一定的不利影响。第三、四部分是本文的侧重写作的部分。第三部分剖析了非自愿公众人物隐私权和新闻自由冲突的三个方面的原因,包括本质上的、法律层面的以及现实原因。第四部分为本文的重点,根据第三部分产生冲突的原因并结合国外主要的三种解决模式提出适合中国的解决办法。结语部分重申平衡非自愿公众人物与新闻自由冲突的重要性,并对自己的观点进行最后的梳理和总结。
[Abstract]:In today's society, news media act as mediators and dominators of public opinion and information, and are important tools for information dissemination and people's supervision. In addition, people are social, long in the collective humans tend to explore, discuss the privacy of others. Some news media, in order to improve ratings, often consciously or unintentionally satisfied with this habit. When the general public happens to be involved in an incident that has a greater impact, their privacy rights are much more likely to be infringed by the news media. The right to privacy is protected as a personal right, and the freedom of the press is an important means to realize the freedom of speech. The two rights belong to the same rank. Therefore, the value rank can not be used as the basis for determining which side should compromise in the conflict. So, can the news media report on the privacy of individuals without scruples? How do you defend your rights when people's privacy is made public? The bottom line is a question of how to balance freedom of the press and privacy. This paper is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. It discusses the relationship between the privacy of non-public figures and the freedom of the press. After defining the relevant concepts, it analyzes the causes of the conflict between the two and tries to put forward solutions. The introduction part mainly through two news events to describe the reasons for the topic. The text is mainly discussed from four parts: the first part mainly summarizes the privacy of involuntary public figures and freedom of the press, and then studies the issues on the basis of a more accurate understanding of the relevant concepts. The second part of the main content of involuntary public figures privacy and freedom of the press several manifestations of conflict are summarized. The conflict between the two is reflected in the news interview at first. When using different interview methods, they fail to grasp the legal boundary, or use inappropriate and drastic means for the interview. Second, the conflict between the two is reflected in news reports. The most common way to violate the right of privacy is to disclose the personal information of the parties without the consent of the parties and cause some adverse effects. The third and fourth part is the part of this paper which focuses on writing. The third part analyzes the three reasons of the conflict between the privacy of involuntary public figures and the freedom of the press, including essential, legal and practical reasons. The fourth part is the focus of this paper, according to the third part of the causes of conflict and combined with the three major foreign solutions to China's solutions. The conclusion part reiterates the importance of balancing the conflict between involuntary public figures and freedom of the press, and finally combs and summarizes his views.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923

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