论我国消费者权益保护法中的惩罚性赔偿制度

发布时间：2018-11-23 09:56

【摘要】：惩罚性赔偿制度有着悠久的历史,其最早起源于英国,后由被其他英美法系国家所传承,其中美国在惩罚性赔偿制度的发展方面属于领先水平,并在维护市场秩序和保护消费者权益方面发展到极致。随着国际间交流的增多,惩罚性赔偿制度也被大陆法系国家所吸收。后来也对很多大陆法系国家产生深远影响。因大陆法系国家遵循的是公法和私法分立的二元分类方法,所以我国引入惩罚性赔偿制度一直饱受争议。虽然这一制度存在很多争议,但是它在消费领域确实存在很多实用的价值,因其顺应社会的需求,惩罚、遏制了很多不法行为,符合社会大多数人的利益诉求。在一定时期起到了积极的作用。但是在“三鹿奶粉”、“地沟油”“苏丹红”等具有恶劣的社会影响案件发生之后,我国的消费安全和政府公众形象都面临着严重的挑战。同时惩罚性赔偿制度也暴露出很多缺陷和不足。存在诸多问题,首先第一个问题是惩罚性赔偿制度对“消费者"的认定存在争议。其次,我国《消费者权益保护法》规定的双倍赔偿的赔偿基础是所购商品或接受服务的价款的双倍。这种“一刀切”的立法模式过于保守和僵化,已不适应社会的发展趋势也无法真正实现社会的公平正义。所以我国应改变这种立法模式。论文通过阅读文献对上述三部分进行详细阐述,同时又运用比较法、分析法、归纳法等论文写作的方法,对该论文进行论述。本文公共分为四个章节：第一章为理论部分。该部分是对惩罚性赔偿制度有一个初步的了解,接着是对惩罚性赔偿制度的特征及功能进行分析,通过惩罚性赔偿制度的特征和功能的分析,对该制度进行更深层次的了解。第一章主要是对理论的分析,通过理论的分析和研究为后面章节奠定法学理论基础。第二章为两大法系之间关于惩罚性赔偿制度的研究。主要介绍了以英美两国为代表的英美法系国家和以德国、日本和我国台湾地区为代表的大陆法系国家有关惩罚性赔偿制度,同时英美法系中的惩罚性赔偿制度有很多值得我们学习借鉴的方面,对这些方面更深一步的进行阐述和分析。第三章为我国消费者保护惩罚性赔偿制度现状及经济法性质分析,对我国法律中存在惩罚性赔偿制度的相关规定进行分析、比较、研究。第四章为存在问题及完善措施,针对不足之处笔者提出相对的完善建议。
[Abstract]:The system of punitive damages has a long history. It originated in Britain and passed on by other Anglo-American law countries. Among them, the United States is a leader in the development of punitive damages system. And in the maintenance of market order and protection of consumer rights and interests to the extreme. With the increase of international communication, punitive damages system is also absorbed by civil law countries. It later had a profound impact on many civil law countries. As civil law countries follow the dual classification method of separation of public law and private law, the introduction of punitive damages in China has been controversial. Although there are many controversies in this system, it does have a lot of practical value in the field of consumption, because it conforms to the needs of the society, punishes, restrains a lot of illegal behaviors, and conforms to the interests of most people in the society. In a certain period of time played a positive role. But after the cases of "Sanlu milk powder", "gutter oil" and "Sudan red" have bad social impact, the consumption safety and public image of our country are facing serious challenges. At the same time, punitive damages system also exposed a lot of defects and deficiencies. There are many problems, the first problem is that the punitive damages system on the "consumer" is controversial. Secondly, the compensation basis of double compensation stipulated in Consumer Protection Law is double the price of goods purchased or services received. This "one-size-fits-all" legislative model is too conservative and inflexible to adapt to the trend of social development, nor can it really realize social fairness and justice. Therefore our country should change this kind of legislation pattern. This paper elaborates the above three parts by reading the literature. At the same time, it discusses this paper by using the methods of comparison, analysis, induction and so on. This paper is divided into four chapters: the first chapter is the theoretical part. This part is a preliminary understanding of the system of punitive damages, followed by the analysis of the characteristics and functions of the system of punitive damages, through the analysis of the characteristics and functions of the system of punitive damages, a deeper understanding of the system. The first chapter is the theoretical analysis, through the theoretical analysis and research for the later chapters to lay the foundation of legal theory. The second chapter is the study of punitive damages system between the two legal systems. This paper mainly introduces the punitive damages system in the countries of Anglo-American legal system represented by Anglo-American law system and that of civil law countries represented by Germany, Japan and Taiwan. At the same time, the punitive damages system in Anglo-American law system has many aspects that we should learn from, and further elaborate and analyze these aspects. The third chapter analyzes the current situation of the punitive damages system of consumer protection and the nature of economic law in our country, and analyzes, compares and studies the relevant provisions of the punitive damages system in the law of our country. The fourth chapter is the existing problems and improvement measures, aiming at the shortcomings of the author put forward relative suggestions.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D923.8

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