港口经营人法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-02-05 05:55

本文关键词： 港口经营人独立合同当事人市场准入制度归责原则责任期间　出处：《上海海事大学》2005年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：港口,作为水路运输的重要连接点,在运输市场中的地位和作用日益显著。但是有关港口的法律制度现状不尽完善,虽然我国在2003年制定和颁布了《港口法》,但这部法律只是国家对港口经营活动进行纵向管理的法律规范,而没有制定任何有关港口民事法律关系的法律规范。这并不表明港口民事法律关系的问题不存在,随着港口业务纠纷的日益增多,有关海上货物运输中港口经营人的法律地位、责任限制、法律适用等问题引起了立法者、海商法研究者和航运实务者广泛关注。有鉴于此,笔者觉得有必要通过对港口经营人的三大基本问题即港口经营人的法律地位,行政管理制度以及民事法律责任问题,做一次比较系统的研究,希望能对将来我国港口经营人责任制度的制定以及相关的司法审判实践起到一定的借鉴作用。本文第一章主要是结合各国的相关法律规定,讨论了港口经营人的定义和经营范围的问题,重点讨论由于“喜马拉雅条款”的存在,装卸公司是否应该纳入港口经营业务范围在港口法中进行规定。在此基础之上来分析和研究港口经营人的法律地位问题,有关港口经营人的法律地位一直来在学术界都是争议的焦点。通过分析,笔者支持把港口经营人应视为独立合同当事人的观点。本文第二章系统的分析了《港口法》及相关法律、法规对港口经营人的行政法律制度的规定,港口经营人的行政法律制度是港口行业所特有的一套行为规则,主要包括港口经营人的市场准入制度、依法经营制度、安全管理制度。笔者着重分析如何正确的理解和适用港口经营人的市场准入制度。文章的第三章主要讨论了港口经营人的责任问题。因为港口经营人的责任问题一直是学术界争议的焦点问题,关系到港口经济的稳定和发展。笔者试从归责原则、责任期间、赔偿范围、责任限制这个四个方面对港口经营人的责任问题做比较系统的,分析研究。主要运用比较分析的方法,来论证自己的观点,最后提出港口经营人责任制度的立法建议。
[Abstract]:Port, as an important connection point of waterway transportation, plays an increasingly important role in the transportation market, but the legal system of port is not perfect. Although China enacted and promulgated the Port Law in 2003, this law is only a legal norm for the longitudinal management of port operations. It does not indicate that the problem of port civil legal relations does not exist, with the increasing number of port business disputes. The legal status of the port operator, the limitation of liability, and the application of the law in the carriage of goods by sea have aroused the widespread concern of legislators, maritime law researchers and shipping practitioners. I think it is necessary to do a relatively systematic study on the three basic problems of port operator, namely, the legal status of the port operator, the administrative system and the civil legal liability. It is hoped that it can be used for reference for the future establishment of the liability system of port operators and the relevant judicial practice. The first chapter mainly discusses the definition of port operator and the scope of operation in combination with the relevant laws and regulations of various countries, focusing on the existence of "Himalayan clause". Whether the loading and unloading company should be included in the business scope of port operation is stipulated in the port law. On this basis, the legal status of the port operator is analyzed and studied. The legal status of the port operator has always been the focus of controversy in academic circles. Through the analysis, the author supports the view that the port operator should be regarded as an independent party to the contract. The second chapter systematically analyzes the provisions of the port law and related laws and regulations on the administrative legal system of port operators. The administrative legal system of the port operator is a set of special behavior rules of the port industry, which mainly includes the market access system of the port operator and the system of managing according to law. The author emphatically analyzes how to correctly understand and apply the market access system of port operators. The third chapter mainly discusses the responsibility of the port operator, because the liability of the port operator has always been the focus of academic controversy. It is related to the stability and development of port economy. The author tries to make a systematic study on the liability of port operators from four aspects: the principle of liability, the period of liability, the scope of compensation and the limitation of liability. This paper mainly uses the method of comparative analysis to prove one's own point of view, and finally puts forward some legislative suggestions on the liability system of port operators.
【学位授予单位】：上海海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：D922.296

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