空间权研究

发布时间：2018-02-22 02:23

本文关键词： 空间建设用地使用权空间权　出处：《长春工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：土地空间的利用随着社会经济发展对空间资源的需求不断增大而逐步受到重视。在空间开发利用的相关规定方面,我国《物权法》一百三十六条关于建设用地使用权可以分层设立的规定,首次在立法上把土地地表、地上和地下的建设用地使用权分别予以明确,它标志着我国法律对空间的多元化利用做出了原则性规定。随着我国对空间权理论和制度的研究的不断深入,在理论研究和制度建设方面也取得了不少成果。但是,目前在理论上和制度上都有值得研究的价值。当前我国并未建立完善的空间权的基本理论,学界对空间的认识和空间权独立性有不同的观点。空间符合民法上“物”的基本概念特征,空间权在自身内容和性质上与建设用地使用权存在着差异,具有相对独立性。实践中,空间权纳入建设用地使用权,空间利用依附于建设用地使用权,新设立的建设用地使用权不得损害已设立的用益物权,不利于空间的整体综合利用,限制了空间资源价值的发挥。另一方面,空间开发利用的相关制度的缺位,不利于空间的开发利用,也限制了空间资源的开发利用。对比美德日相关国家关于空间权的的相关立法例,德国和日本仍然采用传统的立法模式尝试解决现实中新型的空间权内容,而美国法却尝试确认一种新型的“空间权”,来确认空间权和空间利益。结合我国现实立法现状,空间权理论和制度建设可以参照德国日本模式进行构建,认为空间权作为独立的用益物权,其应与建设用地使用权等用益物权同属物权法用益物权编,在空间权理论研究和制度构建方面参考日本相关立法。最后,空间权作为独立的用益物权,应该在权利主体、客体和诸如占有、使用、处分等相关制度方面做出具体规定。空间权权利主体包含空间所有权人,空间权利用者和空间相邻权人。空间权的主体可以由土地所有权人、建设用地使用权人甚至独立的空间权人享有。空间权的客体则具有特殊性。一方面,空间作为与土地相关的自然属性,如何划定空间的范围需要根据实际需要,制定不同的标准。另一方面,空间权的限制性也是空间权不可缺少的组成部分,空间的利用和空间权的权利范围受到公共利益的限制。
[Abstract]:With the increasing demand for space resources in the social and economic development, the use of land space has been gradually attached importance to. For the first time, the 136 articles of the Law of Real Rights of our country that the right to the use of construction land can be set up in different layers, the right to use land on the surface, on the ground and on the ground, and the right to use the construction land under the ground are respectively. It symbolizes that the law of our country has made the principle stipulation to the pluralistic utilization of space. With the deepening of the research on the theory and system of the space right in our country, many achievements have been made in the theoretical research and the construction of the system. At present, it is worth studying both theoretically and institutionally. At present, China has not established a perfect basic theory of space rights. There are different views on the cognition of space and the independence of space right in academic circles. Space accords with the basic concept characteristics of "thing" in civil law, and the content and nature of space right are different from that of the right to use construction land. In practice, the space right is incorporated into the construction land use right, and the space utilization is attached to the construction land use right. The newly established construction land use right may not damage the established usufruct right, which is not conducive to the overall comprehensive utilization of space. It limits the value of space resources. On the other hand, the absence of relevant systems for space development and utilization is not conducive to the development and utilization of space. It also limits the exploitation and utilization of space resources. In contrast to the relevant legislation on space rights in Germany and Japan, Germany and Japan still use the traditional legislative model to try to solve the new content of space rights in reality. However, American law tries to confirm a new type of "space right" to confirm space right and space interests. According to the current situation of our country's legislation, the theory and system construction of space right can be constructed according to the model of Germany and Japan. As an independent usufructuary right, space right should belong to the usufruct of real right law with the usufruct right such as the right to use of construction land, and refer to the relevant legislation of Japan in the theoretical research and system construction of space right. As an independent usufructuary right, the space right should be specified in the subject, object and related systems such as possession, use, disposition and so on. The subject of the space right can be enjoyed by the land owner, the construction land user or even the independent space right person. The object of the space right has its particularity. Space, as a natural attribute related to land, how to delimit the scope of space needs different standards according to the actual needs. On the other hand, the restriction of space right is also an indispensable part of space right. The use of space and the scope of space rights are limited by the public interest.
【学位授予单位】：长春工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.2

【相似文献】