海上人身伤亡损害赔偿制度研究

发布时间：2018-03-03 04:06

本文选题：人身伤亡　切入点：归责原则　出处：《上海海事大学》2007年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 海上货物运输日益发展的今天，海上人身伤亡的案件也不断发生。而在世界人权事业得到人们越来越大的关注并且在各国政府和人民的不断努力下发展的情况下，对于人身伤亡造成的损害赔偿事件的良好解决，能体现出一个国家政府对于人们生存权和健康权的关注以及一个国家的发达程度。由于海上货物运输业是全球性的行业，一个国家关于其人身伤亡案件的法律规定，更能体现出该国家的人权完善程度。海商法是民法的组成部门，海上人身伤亡损害赔偿的案件应该遵循民法的基本原则和规定来处理，然而，海商法又是特别法，故而有其特殊性，这就意味着海上人身伤亡损害赔偿案件也有着特殊性，它是一种在海域或与海相通的可航水域或与其他与海密切相关的特定处所经营、管理和服务活动中发生的人身伤亡损害和精神损害，由权利人向责任人提出请求，且由责任人依法给予一定限度赔偿的法律制度。是一种经济补偿的法律制度。海上人身伤亡损害赔偿另外一个特殊性在于，在该领域，我国目前没有比较完善的法律制度，在海事司法实践中缺乏统一、严密的法律规定可以遵循，给处理此类案件带来一定的难度，也不利于实现司法的公平以及效率。本文一共四个章节。第一章介绍了海上人身伤亡损害赔偿制度的概念及其特征。第二章说明了海上人身伤亡损害赔偿制度的归责原则，并介绍了美国判例中所形成的关于码头工人装卸作业归责原则方面的法律规定，以期给中国船东在美国遇到此类事件时有所帮助。第三章是本文的重点，结合我国现有法律，着重介绍了海上人身伤亡损害赔偿制度的赔偿范围，研究了我国关于海上人身伤亡损害赔偿的法律现状以及存在的一些问题。第四章简练地介绍了海上人身伤亡损害赔偿制度的精神损害赔偿问题。最后做了总结，并提出了一些完善我国海上人身伤亡损害赔偿法律的一些建议。本文从司法公平的角度来思考和研究海上人身伤亡损害赔偿制度存在的问题，并且在结合一定中外案例的基础上，，提出了一些完善相关法律的浅见。无论从世界各国对于人权日益关注的趋势来看，还是从我国大力发展航运业的国情看来，完善我国关于海上人身伤亡损害赔偿制度是必需的。
[Abstract]:Today, with the increasing development of the carriage of goods by sea, the cases of personal injury and death at sea also continue to occur. While the cause of human rights in the world has received increasing attention and developed with the continuous efforts of governments and people of various countries, A good solution to the incident of compensation for damage caused by personal injury and injury can reflect the concern of a government for the rights of people to life and health, as well as the degree of development of a country. Since the maritime cargo transport industry is a global industry, The legal provisions of a country on its personal injury and injury cases can better reflect the perfection of human rights in that country. Maritime law is a constituent department of civil law. Cases of compensation for personal injury and injury at sea should be dealt with according to the basic principles and provisions of civil law. However, maritime law is a special law, so it has its particularity. This means that the case of compensation for personal injury and injury at sea is also special. It is operated in the sea area or in navigable waters connected with the sea or in other specific places closely related to the sea. In the course of management and service activities, the injured or injured person and the spiritual injury are requested by the obligee to the responsible person, and the legal system in which the responsible person gives certain limit compensation according to law, is a kind of legal system of economic compensation. Another particularity of the compensation for personal injury and injury at sea lies in the fact that, in this field, our country currently does not have a relatively perfect legal system, there is a lack of unity in maritime judicial practice, and strict legal provisions can be followed. It is difficult to deal with this kind of cases, and it is not conducive to the fairness and efficiency of the administration of justice. The first chapter introduces the concept and characteristics of the system of compensation for personal injury and injury at sea. The second chapter explains the principle of imputation of the system of compensation for personal injury and injury at sea. It also introduces the legal provisions on the principle of imputation of loading and unloading of wharf workers formed in American jurisprudence, in order to help Chinese shipowners encounter such incidents in the United States. Chapter three is the focus of this paper, combined with the existing laws of our country. The compensation scope of the system of compensation for personal injury and injury at sea is emphatically introduced. This paper studies the present legal situation and some existing problems of maritime personal injury and injury compensation in China. Chapter 4th briefly introduces the problem of compensation for mental damage in the system of maritime personal injury and injury compensation. Some suggestions are put forward to perfect the law of maritime personal injury and injury compensation in our country. This paper, from the angle of judicial fairness, considers and studies the problems existing in the system of compensation for personal injury and injury at sea, and on the basis of combining certain Chinese and foreign cases, This paper puts forward some views on how to perfect the relevant laws. It is necessary to perfect the system of compensation for personal injury and injury at sea, not only from the trend of increasing attention to human rights in the world, but also from the national conditions of developing the shipping industry in China.
【学位授予单位】：上海海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：D996.19;D922.294

【引证文献】