海上拖航中的海事赔偿责任限制问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-12 18:21

本文选题：海上拖航 + 海事赔偿责任限制　；参考：《大连海事大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着拖航作业的日益增加,专业性拖航公司的壮大以及拖航技术水平的提高,海上拖航已然成为一项复杂性与包容性并存的海上服务行为,与此同时,实务中涉及到的相关法律问题也变得越来越复杂。拖航中的海事赔偿责任限制制度作为拖航领域中的一项特殊制度,不能简单地适用于我国《海商法》第七章海上拖航合同和第十一章海事赔偿责任限制的相关规定。迄今为止,在国际立法和司法实践中并没有形成通用的海上拖航领域的国际公约和惯例。相对于其他国家而言,虽然我国的海事立法对拖航做出了专门的规定,但其内容、框架略显单薄,还有很多问题没有涉及,因而并不能有效地涵盖和解决司法实践中出现的新型法律问题。可见,我国对于拖航法律的研究与拖航业务的迅速发展之间存在着亟需调和的矛盾,因此有必要对拖航中的法律问题进行深入的研究。本文将从以下四个部分进行阐述:第一部分,海上拖航中的海事赔偿责任限制问题概述。首先,针对海上拖航中的海事赔偿责任限制问题的特殊性加以阐述,然后分别从承拖方与被拖方(以下简称"承拖双方")之间以及承拖双方与第三人之间的两个角度剖析在实践中可能出现的关于海事赔偿责任限制的相关问题。第二部分,海上拖航合同当事人之间的海事赔偿责任限制。本部分将从承拖方和被拖方的角度分别阐述海事赔偿责任限制问题,重点论证文章第一部分提出的实践问题,并根据现有法律的规定提出自己的见解。第三部分,海上拖航合同当事方对第三人的海事赔偿责任限制。本章首先通过一则案例引出承拖双方对第三人的责任限制问题的特殊性,其次将援引英美法中丰富的案例来论证船队原则以及非船队原则发展历程。最后介绍我国现阶段学者们对于如何解决承拖双方对第三人的责任限制问题的观点。第四部分,对于海上拖航的海事赔偿责任限制计算方法的评析及立法建议。通过文章前三部分的论述,提出了以马力制作为拖船责任限额的确定方式以及适当扩大海上拖航中享有海事赔偿责任限制的主体的设想,并且通过对船队原则和非船队原则的评析,提出了以按份限额连带原则确立承拖方对第三方的责任限额计算方式的立法建议。
[Abstract]:With the increasing of towing operations, the expansion of professional towing companies and the improvement of towing technology, towing at sea has become a complex and inclusive maritime service behavior, at the same time,The related legal issues involved in practice are becoming more and more complex.As a special system in the field of towing, the limitation system of maritime claim liability in towing cannot be applied to the maritime towing contract in Chapter VII of Maritime Law of China and the relevant provisions of Chapter XI on limitation of liability for Maritime claims.Up to now, there is no general international convention and practice in the field of maritime towing in international legislation and judicial practice.Compared with other countries, although the maritime legislation of our country has made special provisions on towing, its content, the framework is slightly weak, and there are still many issues that have not been addressed.Therefore, it can not effectively cover and solve the new legal problems in judicial practice.It is obvious that there is a contradiction between the study of towing law and the rapid development of towing business in our country, so it is necessary to conduct a deep study on the legal problems in towing.This article will be elaborated from the following four parts: the first part, maritime towing in the maritime liability limitation.First of all, the particularity of the limitation of maritime liability in maritime towing is expounded.Then from the two angles between the towing party and the towed party (hereinafter referred to as "the towing party") and between the towing party and the third party, this paper analyzes the related problems about the limitation of maritime claim liability that may appear in practice.The second part, the limitation of maritime liability between the parties to the maritime towing contract.This part will expound the limitation of maritime claim liability from the point of view of the towing party and the towed party respectively, and focus on the practical problems raised in the first part of the article, and put forward their own opinions according to the provisions of the existing law.The third part, the limitation of the liability of the parties to the maritime towing contract to the third party.In this chapter, the particularity of the limitation of liability to the third party is introduced by a case, and then the abundant cases in Anglo-American law are cited to demonstrate the development of fleet principle and non-flotilla principle.Finally, this paper introduces the scholars' views on how to solve the limitation of liability to the third party.In the fourth part, the evaluation and legislative suggestion on the calculation method of maritime liability limitation of towing at sea.Through the discussion of the first three parts of the article, this paper puts forward the idea of determining the liability limit of tugboat with horsepower production and expanding the subject of maritime liability limitation in sea towing.Based on the analysis of fleet principle and non-fleet principle, this paper puts forward some legislative suggestions on how to establish the calculation method of liability limit for third party by the principle of joint and several according to share limit.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D922.294

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