论在我国设立情势变更原则的必要性与可行性

发布时间：2018-05-18 02:40

本文选题：情势变更 + 理论界定　；参考：《四川大学》2006年硕士论文

【摘要】： 情势变更原则是民商法里的重要原则，在《合同法》起草、审议前后曾有过广泛的讨论。至今，有关在民商立法中确立情势变更原则的意见、建议仍多见于杂志、网络、讲台。本文采取历史、逻辑和现实相结合的方法，对在我国民商法律里确立情势变更原则进行了研究，探讨了情势变更原则的理论基础，提出了确立该原则的必要性及立法建议。本文由五部分组成。引言。作者罗列了搜集到的改革开放以来在司法实践中遇到的有关情势变更的几个案例，从司法实务的实践情况来了解情势变更原则适用情况。从多个案例来看，情势变更原则的必要性不言而喻。从而提出了确定情势变更原则为研究题目的缘由，简要介绍了研究该问题的方法。第一章。主要回顾了情势变更原则在法学理论和国外司法实践中的发展演变情况，以及在英美法系、大陆法系主要国家的适用情况。通过对该原则的历史沿革、理论渊源的历史回顾，为研究该原则的理论基础及其在我国确立该原则的必要性提供准备。第二章。首先从法理学的角度提出了情势变更原则的理论基础，即情势变更原则是诚实信用原则以及公平原则的必然产物；其次，比较新颖地尝试站在法哲学的角度，从法的价值理论出发，得出情势变更原则植根于市场经济和文明社会迅速发展进步的沃土之中、具有深刻的法哲学基础、是现代合同法的重要标志之一的结论。第三，从情势变更原则与不可抗力、商业风险、合同落空、显失公平、免责条款等方面的比较，对情势变更原则的内涵与外延进行了界定。为在我国民商事立法中确立该原则提供了法理上的依据。第三章。由于情势变更原则与不可抗力等其他原则相比具有一定的不确定性，法官自由裁量的权力较大，，因此，适用情势变更原则必须有严格的条件。本章首先归纳了国内多数学者的观点，对适用情势变更原则所需要的条件进行了分析。其次，本章从我国审判实务和对情势变更原则适用效果的一般理论出发，对情势变更原则的实体法效果和程序法效果进行了归纳，从而为情势变更原则的可操作性提供了根据。第四章。作者分析了对该原则持异议的几种观点，从我国加入世贸组织、保障交易安全与维护交易秩序的需要、情势变更原则具有不可替代的特殊价值、司法实践的迫切要求等角度，对确立该原则进行了正面概括性论述。同时，对立法确立该原则，从技术的角度提出了部分建议。
[Abstract]:The principle of change of circumstances is an important principle in civil and commercial law, which has been extensively discussed before and after the drafting and deliberation of contract Law. So far, suggestions on establishing the principle of situational change in civil and commercial legislation are still common in magazines, networks, and podium. By combining history, logic and reality, this paper studies the establishment of the principle of situation change in the civil and commercial laws of our country, probes into the theoretical basis of the principle of change of circumstances, and puts forward the necessity of establishing the principle and the legislative suggestions. This paper consists of five parts. Introduction The author lists several cases of situation change encountered in the judicial practice since the reform and opening up to the outside world, and understands the application of the situation change principle from the practice of judicial practice. From the point of view of many cases, the necessity of the principle of change of circumstances is self-evident. The reason of determining the principle of change of circumstances is put forward, and the method of studying this problem is briefly introduced. Chapter I. This paper mainly reviews the development and evolution of the principle of change of circumstances in legal theory and foreign judicial practice, as well as the application of the principle in the common law system and the main countries of the continental law system. Through the historical evolution of the principle and the historical review of the theoretical origin, it provides preparation for the study of the theoretical basis of the principle and the necessity of establishing the principle in China. Chapter II First of all, it puts forward the theoretical basis of the principle of change of circumstances from the angle of jurisprudence, that is, the principle of change of circumstances is the inevitable product of the principle of good faith and fairness; secondly, it tries to stand on the angle of philosophy of law. Based on the theory of value of law, the author draws the conclusion that the principle of situation change is rooted in the fertile soil of market economy and the rapid development and progress of civilized society, and has a profound foundation of philosophy of law, which is one of the important symbols of modern contract law. Thirdly, the connotation and extension of the principle of change of circumstances are defined from the comparison between the principle of change of circumstances and force majeure, commercial risk, failure of contract, unfairness, exemption clause and so on. It provides the legal basis for establishing this principle in the civil and commercial legislation of our country. Chapter III Since the principle of change of circumstances has certain uncertainty compared with other principles such as force majeure and the discretion of judges is great, therefore, there must be strict conditions for the application of the principle of change of circumstances. This chapter first summarizes the views of most domestic scholars and analyzes the necessary conditions for the application of the principle of change of circumstances. Secondly, this chapter sums up the effect of substantive law and procedural law of the principle of change of circumstances from the perspective of judicial practice and the general theory of the effect applied to the principle of circumstance change, thus providing the basis for the maneuverability of the principle of change of circumstances. Chapter IV The author analyzes several viewpoints of dissenting to this principle, from the point of view of our country's entry into WTO, the need to safeguard transaction security and maintain trade order, the irreplaceable special value of the principle of situation change, the urgent requirement of judicial practice, etc. The establishment of this principle is discussed in a positive and general way. At the same time, some suggestions are put forward from the point of view of technology to establish the principle of legislation.
【学位授予单位】：四川大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：D923.6

【引证文献】