无单放货当事人相关法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-19 03:38

本文选题：无单放货 + 当事人　；参考：《上海海事大学》2003年硕士论文

【摘要】：按照国际航运惯例和我国《海商法》的规定，在目的港凭正本提单交付货物是承运人的法定责任。然而由于种种原因，承运人在目的港未凭正本提单交付货物成了航运实践中一个不可避免的问题。反映到审判实践中，就是无单放货纠纷案件的大量产生。本文从无单放货各方当事人的角度出发，结合国内外的有关无单放货案例，对其中存在的法律问题进行了详细研究。全文共分四章。第一章研究了无单放货人的相关法律问题。在将无单放货人界定为三类人的基础上，详细探讨了三者间在无单放货的各种情况下的责任划分与认定，并对实践中承运人的相关免责事项进行了归结。第二章从无单提货人角度，深入阐述了其不当得利返还及欺诈性侵权的责任认定，并分析了无单提货保函的性质及效力，指出在审判实践中要注意保函的相对有效性及保函效力的相对性这两个问题。第三章针对提单持有人，探讨了提单持有人的正确界定及具体种类，在此基础上阐述了他们在无单放货中所享有的权利，并且分析了提单持有人作为原告在无单放货争议案中的诉讼策略。第四章从审判实践出发，通过对还款协议、管辖权条款、记名提单、诉讼时效这几个相关问题的探讨，进一步明确了在无单放货关系下各方当事人的权利义务分配。虽然理论界和实务界就无单放货问题进行了持续的研究和探讨，但是并未就无单放货的法律属性达成共识。本文按照无单放货行为实施者的不同，分别来判定无单放货行为的法律属性，虽然不能说穷尽了实践中产生的无单放货的各种情形，但对于如何去应对和定性，应该有其可取之处。此外，以往的无单放货研究多囿于承运人责任承担问题，而对无单放货各方当事人作出整体性的研究，尚不多见。希望本文的研究，能引起更多的专家学者对构成无单放货关系的其他当事人进行更加深入的探讨，这对我国海商立法的日益完善和司法实践的具体操作不无裨益。
[Abstract]:According to the international shipping practice and the maritime law of our country, it is the legal responsibility of the carrier to deliver the goods on the original bill of lading at the port of destination. However, for various reasons, it becomes an inevitable problem in shipping practice that the carrier fails to deliver the goods on the original bill of lading at the port of destination. Reflected in the trial practice, is a large number of cases of undocumented delivery disputes. In this paper, from the point of view of the parties involved in the release of goods without bill of lading, combined with the domestic and foreign cases of the delivery of goods without bill of lading, this paper makes a detailed study on the legal problems existing therein. The full text is divided into four chapters. The first chapter studies the related legal problems of the non-documentary cargo delivery. On the basis of defining the unbilled shipper as three categories of persons, this paper discusses in detail the division and determination of the responsibilities of the three persons under the circumstances of the delivery of goods without bill, and summarizes the related exemption items of the carrier in practice. The second chapter from the point of view of the non-documentary consignee, deeply expounds its improper enrichment return and fraudulent tort liability, and analyzes the nature and effectiveness of the non-documentary delivery guarantee. It is pointed out that the relative validity of the guarantee and the relativity of the validity of the guarantee should be paid attention to in the trial practice. The third chapter discusses the correct definition and specific types of bill of lading holders, and on this basis expounds their rights in the delivery of goods without bills of lading. It also analyzes the litigation strategy of the holder of bill of lading as plaintiff in the dispute of delivery of goods without bill of lading. The fourth chapter from the trial practice, through the repayment agreement, jurisdiction clause, registered bill of lading, the statute of limitations of these several related issues, further clarified the distribution of rights and obligations of the parties in the non-documentary release of goods. Although the theoretical and practical circles have carried out continuous research and discussion on the issue of undocumented delivery, there is no consensus on the legal attributes of undocumented delivery. In this paper, according to the differences of the perpetrators of the undocumented delivery, the legal attributes of the unbilled delivery are determined respectively. Although it can not be said that the various situations of the undocumented delivery have been exhausted in practice, how to deal with and determine the nature of the act? There should be some merit. In addition, most of the previous researches on undocumented delivery are limited to the carrier's liability, but it is still rare to study the parties concerned. I hope that the study of this paper can cause more experts and scholars to make more in-depth discussion on the other parties who form the relationship of goods delivery without bill of lading, which is beneficial to the perfection of our maritime business legislation and the concrete operation of judicial practice.
【学位授予单位】：上海海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：D922.294;D996.19

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