海上拖航侵权责任研究

发布时间：2018-06-10 06:27

本文选题：海上拖航 + 拖航合同　；参考：《大连海事大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：海上拖航作业是一项十分重要的海上服务形式。海上拖航的研究在海商法中也具有重要的地位。随着国际海运市场的需要和发展,海上拖航法律制度研究的重要性越来越受到了世界各国的重视。海上拖航作业中发生侵权事故的危害性和可能性比其他海上作业都要大。然而,纵观世界各国,不论是理论研究还是在司法实践中,都未能对海上拖航中发生侵权事故后责任认定的原则和方式形成统一意见。这与海上拖航业较强的涉外性质不符,对世界海运业的发展也有不利的影响。因此,有必要学习和研究世界主要航运大国国内法和国际公约中关于海上拖航作业中发生侵权事故的法律规定和一些经典案例、学说,寻求一种能为多数国家接受,并符合海运实践和基本法律精神的原则和方法。本文主要内容主要分为四个部分。第一部分主要介绍了关于海上拖航与拖航合同的基本内容,包括拖航业相关的一些基础知识；第二部分从侵权责任法理论角度出发,重点论述了世界主要航运国家国内法或者国际公约确立的针对拖航过程中发生的损害赔偿责任采取的总的归责原则,包括“支配原则”、“被拖方承担一切风险原则”和“过错原则”,其中“支配原则”、“被拖方承担一切风险原则”是英美法系国家广泛采用的一种确定违约责任的归责原则,过错原则则是既可以适用于确定合同双方之间违约责任的基础,也是确定侵权责任方之间侵权责任的基础原则；第三部分主要论述海上拖航过程中侵权责任的责任构成以及侵权责任与免责制度的关系；第四部分主要论述了海上拖航过程中发生的侵权责任与海事赔偿责任限制制度的关系。
[Abstract]:Marine towing is a very important form of marine service. The study of maritime towing also plays an important role in maritime law. With the need and development of the international shipping market, the importance of the study of the legal system of maritime towing has been paid more and more attention by the countries all over the world. The harm and possibility of tortious accidents in sea towing operations are greater than those in other marine operations. However, throughout the world, no matter in the theoretical research or in the judicial practice, there is no unified opinion on the principle and method of liability determination after the tort accident occurred in the maritime towing. This is not consistent with the strong foreign-related nature of maritime towing, and has a negative impact on the development of the world shipping industry. Therefore, it is necessary to study and study the legal provisions of the domestic laws and international conventions of major shipping powers and international conventions on tort incidents occurring in maritime towing operations, as well as some classical cases and theories, in order to seek a kind that can be accepted by most countries. The main contents of this paper are divided into four parts. The first part mainly introduces the basic contents of towing and towing contract, including some basic knowledge related to towing industry. The second part starts from the theory of tort liability law. Focusing on the general principle of liability for damages arising during towing, including the "governing principle", established in the domestic law of the world's major shipping countries or in international conventions, "towed party bears all risks" and "fault principle", among which "dominating principle" and "towed party bearing all risks principle" are widely used in Anglo-American legal system countries to determine liability for breach of contract. Fault principle is not only the basis of determining the liability for breach of contract between the parties to the contract, but also the basic principle of determining the tort liability between the parties. The third part mainly discusses the liability constitution of tort liability and the relationship between tort liability and exemption system in the course of sea towing, and the fourth part mainly discusses the relationship between tort liability and limitation system of maritime claim liability in the course of sea towing.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.294

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