论租船合同中的安全港保证

发布时间：2018-06-21 15:17

本文选题：租船合同 + 安全港保证　；参考：《上海海事大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 租船合同中的安全港保证义务不仅关系到租船合同当事人的切身利益,也关系到航运实践的健康发展。这个问题在实务操作中具有一定的复杂性,在航次租船合同和定期租船合同两种情况下又具有不同的特点。然而租船合同中有关安全港义务的条款通常都比较简单,而各国对此的立法规范往往不够系统,特别是我国《海商法》中,有关安全港保证义务的立法内容存在一些问题,而且在我国司法实践中缺乏成熟的案例。因此,深入探讨租船合同中的安全港义务问题就很有必要。本文针对安全港保证义务问题展开论述,提出自己的观点,并对我国相关立法提出了立法建议。第一章首先探讨了租船合同中的安全港义务的内涵,包括安全港的定义、内容、标准和范围。第二章从英国法的角度研究租船合同中的安全港义务的法律性质,比较分析了英美法安全港义务的三种理论,即保证说、罗斯基尔说和过失说,并结合中国法进一步研究安全港义务在中国法下的法律性质。第三章通过体系解释的方式将安全港条款与其它条款比较,进一步研究安全港条款在租船合同中的地位。第四章探讨了租船合同中的安全港义务的责任承担的相关问题,包括租船合同中安全港义务的责任期间和责任承担的归属原则等。在这个问题上,笔者将航次租船合同和定期租船合同分开探讨,并比较它们之间的区别。第五章研究了违反租船合同中的安全港保证义务的法律后果,即出租人解除合同的权利和承租人承担的违约责任两方面问题。在第一个问题上,笔者先从英国法下条款分类理论进行探讨,接着分航次租船合同和定期租船合同两种情况探讨出租人的解约权。在第二个问题上,笔者认为应采取严格责任制作为归责原则,并讨论了承租人应承担的损害赔偿的范围以及承租人违约责任的免责事由。第六章分析了我国《海商法》中对于租船合同中的安全港义务的规定,指出其合理之处和主要问题,并提出相关修改建议。我国《海商法》在安全港的定义、安全港义务的责任归属和违反安全港义务的法律后果等问题上存在诸多不足,笔者对此提出了一些修改建议。本文在研究方式上主要是通过案例分析和比较法学的方式,来分析我国法律与英美法律在相关问题上的相同点与不同点,以及航次租船合同和定期租船合同中的安全港义务的相同点和不同点。并结合中国《民法通则》《合同法》《海商法》,研究中国法下的安全港保证义务。根据以上对安全港问题的研究,对我国《海商法》相关规定进行分析并提出修改建议,笔者希望能够对安全港问题进行深入的探讨,并对我国立法和实践有所启发。
[Abstract]:The obligation of safe harbour guarantee in charter party is not only related to the vital interests of the parties to the charter party, but also related to the healthy development of shipping practice. This problem is complicated in practice and has different characteristics in the case of voyage charter contract and term charter contract. However, the provisions on the obligations of safe harbour in chartering contracts are usually relatively simple, but the legislative norms of these countries are often not systematic enough, especially in the Maritime Law of China, there are some problems in the legislative content of the obligation of guarantee in safe harbour. Moreover, there is a lack of mature cases in the judicial practice of our country. Therefore, it is necessary to probe into the obligation of safe harbour in charter party. This paper discusses the guarantee obligation of safe harbour, puts forward its own viewpoint, and puts forward some legislative suggestions on the relevant legislation of our country. The first chapter discusses the connotation of safe harbour obligation in charter party, including the definition, content, standard and scope of safe port. The second chapter studies the legal nature of safe harbour obligations in chartering contracts from the perspective of English law, and compares and analyzes three kinds of theories of safe harbour obligations in common law, namely, the guarantee theory, the Roskiel theory and the negligence theory. Combined with Chinese law, the legal nature of safe harbour obligations under Chinese law is further studied. The third chapter compares the safe harbour clause with other clauses by system interpretation, and further studies the status of the safe port clause in charter party. The fourth chapter discusses the responsibility of safe harbour obligations in charter party, including the period of responsibility and the principle of attribution. On this issue, the author discusses the voyage charter contract and the time charter contract separately, and compares the differences between them. The fifth chapter studies the legal consequences of breach of the obligation of security in the charter party, that is, the shipowner's right to terminate the contract and the charterer's liability for breach of contract. On the first issue, the author first discusses the classification theory of clauses under English law, and then discusses the shipowner's right of dissolution in two cases: voyage charter contract and fixed term charter party. On the second issue, the author holds that the strict responsibility system should be adopted as the principle of imputation, and discusses the scope of damages to be borne by the lessee and the reasons of the lessee's liability for breach of contract. The sixth chapter analyzes the provisions of China's Maritime Law concerning the obligation of safe harbour in charter party, points out its reasonableness and main problems, and puts forward some suggestions for amendment. There are many deficiencies in the definition of safe port, the responsibility attribution of safe port obligation and the legal consequence of violating the obligation of safe port. The author puts forward some suggestions to amend it. This paper mainly analyzes the similarities and differences between Chinese law and Anglo-American law on related issues through case analysis and comparative jurisprudence. As well as voyage charter contract and time charter contract in the safe port obligations of the similarities and differences. Combined with China's General principles of Civil Law and Maritime Law, this paper studies the guarantee obligations of safe harbour under Chinese law. On the basis of the above research on safe harbour, this paper analyzes the relevant regulations of Maritime Law of our country and puts forward some suggestions to amend them. The author hopes to make a deep discussion on the issue of safe harbour and enlighten the legislation and practice of our country.
【学位授予单位】：上海海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：D912.29;D922.294

【引证文献】