股东会决议瑕疵的司法救济问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-30 02:16

本文选题：股东会决议 + 司法救济　；参考：《吉林大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：股东会决议代表公司意思,其一旦出现瑕疵,不仅可能影响公司的内部组织机构的正常运行和其他股东权益的实现,而且可能损害交易相对人及社会公众的利益。我国现行《公司法》第二十二条对股东会决议的救济方式进行了规定。但该规定比较简单,存在一定的漏洞,不足以为利害关系人提供充足的司法救济,也难以适应司法审判的实际需要。因此,本文以股东会决议瑕疵的司法救济问题作为选题,试图对我国针对该问题的进一步解决提供更具可操作性的制度设计。本文分为以下三章: 第一章是股东会决议瑕疵司法救济的基础理论。本章主要研究了三个问题:一是股东会决议的概念、性质、形成机制、要件及效力;二是股东会决议瑕疵的概念和种类;三是股东会决议瑕疵司法救济的必要性。第二章是股东会决议瑕疵的司法救济程序。本章对股东会决议瑕疵诉讼启动中的两个争议问题——当事人的确定及起诉期间问题进行了探讨,并对股东会决议瑕疵撤销诉讼中的第三人邀请制度、担保制度和群体诉讼制度进行了相应的阐述。第三章是股东会决议瑕疵的司法认定标准及处理方式。本章对股东会决议瑕疵无效和撤销的司法认定标准进行了界定,并结合实例对股东会决议瑕疵的处理方式进行了探讨。本文针对现行股东会决议瑕疵诉讼制度具体设计了三项制度,其一是第三邀请制度,以便股东会决议瑕疵诉讼涉及第三人利益,但外部第三人不需要承担法律责任,仅是赋予其权益时,建议赋予人民法院依职权对第三人发出邀请参与诉讼的制度。其二是诉讼担保制度,细化了公司申请原告股东提供担保的成立要件、申请担保的范围标准、申请提出的期限、法院作出是否同意申请的裁定的期限、原告未提供担保的法律后果、解除担保的条件等制度。其三是群体诉讼制度,设置了法院立案审查阶段赋予诉讼代表人提起群体诉讼申请权及法院的审查标准制度,设置了法院庭审阶段给予原告申请进入群体诉讼的申请权和人民法院依职权启动群体诉讼制度,以及人民法院启动群体诉讼的具体方式等。针对股东会决议在内容上存在瑕疵时,从司法认定标准和处理方式进行了具体分析。具体如下:股东会决议内容瑕疵时,即股东会决议内容违反法律和行政法规规定的行为,即为自始无效,其司法认定标准宜考虑如下几个方面:首先,股东会决议内容违反民法诚实信用、公序良俗和禁止权利滥用的基本原则的应为无效。其次,股东会决议内容违反《公司法》的基本原则的应为无效。再次,股东会决议内容违反《公司法》的具体规定。第四,股东会决议内容违反其他法律、行政法规的规定的应为无效。第五,股东会决议内容违反公司章程。处理方式上,宜分析股东会决议内容是否全部无效,如仅为部分决策事项无效,不宜对决议作出全部否定的结论,在无效事项没有对其他决策事项产生实质影响时,宜对部分决议进行否定的方式调整相关利害关系。股东会决议程序上存在瑕疵的司法认定标准和处理方式为:(一)股东会议的召集、主持主体不适格,股东会决议应予撤销。(二)召集会议的程序违反特定程序的,以存在瑕疵的股东会决议是否违反资本多数决原则为判断标准。(三)股东会决议的表决程序存在瑕疵的,应以决议是否符合资本多数决追求的相对的实质公正为标准。处理方式上,股东会决议程序性的瑕疵显著轻微,不足以改变股东会决议资本多数决的实质正义的,其效力予以维持。决议对公司之外的社会公众和交易相对人产生影响时,应以维护社会经济秩序安全,维护商法人公示法定原则,优先交易相对人利益为原则的方式进行处理。
[Abstract]:The shareholders' meeting resolution represents the company's meaning. Once the defect appears, it may not only affect the normal operation of the internal organization and the realization of other shareholders' rights and interests, but also may harm the interests of the relative and the public. The current "company law" of our country stipulates the relief mode of the resolution of the East Association of. The provisions are relatively simple, there are certain loopholes, lack of sufficient judicial relief for the interested people, and it is difficult to adapt to the actual needs of judicial trial. Therefore, this article takes the problem of judicial relief of the resolution of the shareholders' meeting as a topic, and tries to provide a more operable system design for our country to further solve the problem. This article is divided into the following three chapters:
The first chapter is the basic theory of the defective judicial relief of the resolution of the shareholders' meeting. This chapter mainly studies three questions: first, the concept, nature, formation mechanism, elements and effectiveness of the resolution of the shareholders' meeting; the two is the concept and type of the defect in the resolution of the shareholders' meeting; and the three is the necessity of the defect judicial relief of the shareholders' meeting.
The second chapter is the judicial relief procedure of the defect in the resolution of the shareholders' meeting. This chapter discusses the two disputes in the start of the blemish litigation of the shareholders meeting - the determination of the parties and the problems of the prosecution, and the corresponding system of the third party, the guarantee system and the group litigation system in the proceedings of the defect cancellation of the shareholders' meeting. Elaboration.
The third chapter is the judicial identification standard and treatment method of the defect of the shareholders' meeting. This chapter defines the judicial identification standard of the defect and revocation of the resolution of the shareholders' meeting, and discusses the handling of the defect in the resolution of the shareholders meeting with an example.
In this paper, three systems are specifically designed for the current system of defective shareholders' meeting resolution. One is the third invitation system, so that the shareholders' resolution defect litigation involves the interests of third people, but the outside third people do not have to bear legal responsibility. Only when the rights and interests are given to the third people, the people's court is given an invitation to participate in the third party in accordance with its authority. The second is the system of litigation guarantee, which refine the requirements of the company to apply for a guarantee by the plaintiff, the scope of the application of the guarantee, the time limit for the application, the time limit for the court to agree to the application, the legal consequences of the guarantee, the conditions for the removal of the guarantee, and the third of the group litigation system, It sets up the right to apply for the litigants to apply for group litigation and the examination standard system of the court, set up the application right of the court trial stage to apply for the plaintiff to enter the group litigation and the people's court to start the group litigation system in accordance with the authority, as well as the concrete way of the people's law academy to start the group action.
In view of the defects in the content of the resolution of the shareholders' meeting, the specific analysis is made from the standards and methods of judicial determination. The following are as follows: when the content of the shareholders' meeting is defective, that is, the resolution of the shareholders' meeting is in violation of the laws and administrative regulations, that is, it is ineffective, and the standards of its law should be considered as follows: first, shareholders The content of the resolution is ineffective in violation of the basic principles of good faith, public order, good customs and prohibition of abuse of rights. Secondly, the resolution of the shareholders' meeting should be ineffective in violation of the basic principles of the company law. Thirdly, the resolution of the shareholders' meeting violates the specific provisions of the company law. Fourth, the resolution of the shareholders' meeting violates other laws and administrative law. The provisions of the regulations shall be invalid. Fifth, the resolution of the shareholders' meeting violates the articles of association of the company. In the way of handling the resolution, it is appropriate to analyze whether the content of the resolution of the shareholders' meeting is all invalid. If only a part of the decision is invalid, it is not appropriate to make all the negative conclusions on the resolution, and the resolution should be made to some of the resolutions when the invalid matters have no substantial impact on his decision making. Adjust the related interests in a negative way.
The judicial identification standards and handling methods on the shareholders meeting's resolution procedures are: (1) the convening of the shareholders' meeting, the preside of the main body discomfort, the resolution of the shareholders' meeting should be revoked. (two) the procedure for convening the meeting is in violation of the specific procedure, and whether the resolution of the defective shareholder will violate the majority rule of capital as the criterion of judgment. (three) the shareholders' meeting If there is a defect in the voting procedure of the resolution, the resolution should be based on the relative substantive justice that the resolution meets with the decision of the capital majority. In the way of handling, the procedural flaws of the resolution of the shareholders' meeting are significantly slight, not enough to change the substantive justice of the majority decision of the shareholder's resolution, and its effectiveness is maintained. The resolution is to the social public outside the company. When the public and the relative persons have an impact, it should be dealt with in the way of maintaining the security of the social and economic order, maintaining the legal principle of the commercial legal person, and giving priority to the interests of the relative persons.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.291.91

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