船舶所有人赔偿责任限制法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-08-07 15:27

【摘要】：船舶所有人赔偿责任限制制度是海商法的一种特有制度,它区别于民法的赔偿责任制度。海运业是一个投资甚大的资金密集型产业,而且承担着独特而又巨大的风险。为了保障海运业的持续发展,船舶所有人赔偿责任限制制度应运而生。尽管我国责任限制制度主要移植自《1976年海事索赔责任限制公约》,但我国并没有设立与之相配套的完善的法律法规。在海事实务中,存在适用难或无从着手的尴尬。因此,深入地研究船舶所有人责任限制制度,对于指导我国海事司法实践有着现实的意义。本文以船舶所有人为主线,首先从写作背景和意义着手,通过对国内外研究现状的考察和分析,为全文的研究奠定基础。其次,对船舶所有人责任限制制度的定义、性质及作为主体的船舶所有人身份进行识别。其中责任限制的性质对于责任限制程序法设立有着一定的影响。再次,围绕着责任限制范围,包括责任限制债权、非责任限制债权以及责任限制权利丧失的理论和相关立法进行对比分析。与之相应,讨论到责任限制程序法时,将责任限额和责任基金程序放入一章,以达到实体和程序的呼应与统一。最后,文中结合前述问题,从实体法和程序法两方面,系统指出了我国船舶所有人赔偿责任限制制度的立法现状和存在的问题,并结合国内海事实践,探讨立法完善问题。文章在论述过程中,注重与其他法学学科的交叉关系,并且采用了案例分析、文献研究、比较研究的分析方法。希望借此来找出我国立法上的问题和缺失并适时提出完善建议,为我国海商法关于船舶所有人赔偿责任制度的发展服务。
[Abstract]:The limitation system of ship owner's liability is a special system of maritime law, which is different from civil law's liability system. Shipping industry is a capital-intensive industry with large investment, and bears unique and huge risks. In order to ensure the sustainable development of shipping industry, the liability limitation system of ship owners came into being. Although the liability limitation system of our country is mainly transplanted from the Convention on limitation of liability for Maritime claims of 1976, there are no perfect laws and regulations in our country. In the practice of maritime affairs, there is an embarrassment that it is difficult or impossible to apply. Therefore, it is of practical significance to study the limitation system of ship owner's liability for guiding our maritime judicial practice. In this paper, the owner of the ship as the main line, starting from the writing background and significance, through the domestic and foreign research status quo investigation and analysis, for the full text of the research laid the foundation. Secondly, the definition, nature and identity of the shipowner's liability limitation system are identified. The nature of liability limitation has certain influence on the establishment of liability limitation procedure law. Thirdly, the author makes a comparative analysis of the scope of liability limitation, including liability limitation, non-liability limitation and loss of liability limitation. Accordingly, when discussing the procedural law of limitation of liability, the procedure of liability limitation and liability fund is put into a chapter, in order to achieve the coherence and unity of entity and procedure. Finally, combining the above problems, this paper systematically points out the current legislative situation and existing problems of the limitation system of liability of ship owners in China from the aspects of substantive law and procedural law, and probes into the perfection of legislation in combination with the domestic maritime practice. In the course of the discussion, the author pays attention to the cross-relation with other subjects of law, and adopts the analytical methods of case analysis, literature study and comparative study. It is hoped that we can find out the problems and deficiencies in our country's legislation and put forward some perfect suggestions to serve the development of the liability system of ship owners in China's Maritime Law.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.294

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