国际海上承运人责任制度研究

发布时间：2018-10-25 21:06

【摘要】： 国际海上货物运输的核心是货物的安全位移。在货物运输过程中，承运人是合同履行的主体，其义务、责任和免责直接影响到合同当事人的利益，承运人的责任制度从而成为整个国际海上货物运输法律制度的基础和核心。但是国际海上承运人的责任在海运及司法实践中还存在许多问题。本文主要根据《中华人民共和国海商法》及《中华人民共和国海事诉讼特别程序法》等法律法规，对国际海上承运人责任制度进行研究。本文共分四章：第一章是对承运人责任的法律涵义、原则及法律特征的分析。通过承运人责任归责原则的历史发展，，介绍相关国际公约及我国立法中采取的立法模式。论述承运人责任制度的法律特征从而为承运人责任制度的价值分析提供理论支撑。第二章主要论述了承运人与实际承运人的识别及其权利义务。通过承运人识别的原则的论述，分析了英美法系国家关于承运人识别的认定标准及我国实践中的做法，其中一个重要的问题就是在国际海上货物运输中货运代理人的法律地位问题。同时通过国际公约与中国海商法的比较研究，论述了承运人的主要权利义务及其法律责任，特别是舱面货的问题。第三章则主要论述了有关实践中承运人的责任问题。论述了实践中承运人的各种抗辩事由，尤其是时效问题。同时比较各国民事法律中关于赔偿责任范围的规定，为我国的立法提供参考。如果说海上货物运输法是海商法的核心，那么其中的承运人责任制度问题堪称核心之核心了。本文通过对承运人责任制度相关问题的阐述。提出自己的观点和看法，希望能对承运人责任在理论和实践中存在问题的解决有所帮助。
[Abstract]:The core of international carriage of goods by sea is the safe displacement of goods. In the process of cargo transport, the carrier is the main body of the contract performance, and its obligations, responsibilities and exemptions directly affect the interests of the parties to the contract. The carrier's liability system has thus become the basis and core of the entire legal system of international carriage of goods by sea. However, there are still many problems in international maritime carrier's liability in maritime and judicial practice. Based on the laws and regulations of the Maritime Law of the people's Republic of China and the Special procedure Law of the people's Republic of China in Maritime Proceedings, this paper studies the liability system of international maritime carriers. This paper is divided into four chapters: the first chapter is the analysis of the legal meaning, principles and legal characteristics of the carrier's liability. Through the historical development of the principle of liability imputation of carrier, this paper introduces the relevant international conventions and the legislative models adopted in our country's legislation. This paper discusses the legal characteristics of carrier liability system and provides theoretical support for the value analysis of carrier liability system. The second chapter mainly discusses the identification of carrier and actual carrier and its rights and obligations. Based on the discussion of the principle of carrier identification, this paper analyzes the standard of identification of carrier in common law countries and the practice in our country. One of the important issues is the legal status of freight forwarders in the international carriage of goods by sea. At the same time, through the comparative study of international conventions and Chinese maritime law, this paper discusses the main rights and obligations of carriers and their legal responsibilities, especially the problems of deck cargo. The third chapter mainly discusses the responsibility of carrier in practice. This paper discusses the various defenses of the carrier in practice, especially the limitation problem. At the same time, the provisions of civil law on the scope of liability are compared to provide a reference for the legislation of our country. If the law of carriage of goods by sea is the core of maritime law, the carrier liability system is the core of it. This article through to the carrier liability system related question elaboration. It is hoped that it will be helpful to solve the problems existing in the theory and practice of carrier's liability.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：D996.19;D922.294

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