船舶优先权若干法律问题研究
发布时间：2018-11-19 14:28
【摘要】： 本文选择海商法体系中最具有代表性的船舶优先权法律制度为研究对象，以我国《海商法》为基础，以比较法为研究的方法；在本文第一章中，系统介绍了船舶优先权的起源及其产生之经济原因。阐述了其发展起源的诸种学说，并简要介绍了船舶优先权在各国的发展状况，进一步分析了船舶优先权发展的国际统一化趋势。为了更好地对船舶优先权进行性质界定，在本章第二节中，也对船舶优先权的定义及其法律特征进行了详尽论述。 在第二章中，，在对各国船舶优先权法律性质认定的司法和立法实践介绍后，本文结合民法的基本理论，从权利之标的、功能、权利之特点及其效力等几个方面入手，把船舶优先权界定为物权。在该章第四节中，分析了船舶优先权和其它类似权利的区别。 船舶优先权的标的范围的大小对船舶优先权的实现有重大的影响。在本文第三章中，比较了各国立法及国际公约相关规定，分析了我国关于船舶优先权标的立法规定的局限性，提出了修改建议。并对船舶这一船舶优先权的基本标的几种容易混淆的情况进行了阐述。 船舶优先权项目是船舶优先权的核心内容，何种项目应该列为船舶优先权项目优先受偿，体现了各国对社会价值和公共政策的不同考虑。而项目的多少及项目的次序也会对包括船舶抵押权人在内的各债权人权益的实现有实质影响。本文第四章归纳了船舶优先权项目的成立条件、特征、船舶优先权项目顺位设定的原则。并对船舶优先权各个项目进行了逐一评析，分析了各个项目及船舶优先权项目的发展趋势。最后，针对我国《海商法》关于船舶优先权项目之除外规定的缺陷，提出了修改建议。 由于船舶优先权存在无需公示，这在一定程度上损害了船舶抵押权人及船舶留置权人的利益。本文第五章中，在分析了船舶优先权存在的必要性后，对如何衡平三者的利益提出了自己的看法。并对我国的立法就此一问题应持的态度提出了建议。 船舶优先权的行使有别于其它权利的行使，需要通过扣押当事船舶来实现。 而其行使又必然受到海事赔偿责任限制，企业破产法律制度的影响。本文未章论 述了船舶扣押中行使船舶优先权的几个问题，分析了船舶优先权与海事赔偿责任 限制、破产法律制度的关系。并就如何协调三者的关系提出了建议。
[Abstract]:This paper chooses the most representative maritime lien legal system as the research object, taking the maritime law of our country as the foundation and the comparative law as the research method. In the first chapter, the origin and economic reasons of maritime liens are introduced systematically. This paper expounds various theories of the origin of maritime liens, briefly introduces the development of maritime liens in various countries, and further analyses the trend of international unification of the development of maritime liens. In order to better define the nature of maritime liens, the definition and legal characteristics of maritime liens are discussed in detail in the second section of this chapter. In the second chapter, after introducing the judicial and legislative practice of the legal nature of maritime liens in various countries, this paper combines the basic theory of civil law, starting with the object, function, characteristics and effectiveness of the right, and so on. Define maritime lien as real right. In the fourth section of this chapter, the difference between maritime liens and other similar rights is analyzed. The range of subject matter of maritime lien has great influence on the realization of maritime lien. In the third chapter, the author compares the legislation of various countries with the relevant provisions of international conventions, analyzes the limitations of the legislative provisions on the subject matter of maritime liens in China, and puts forward some suggestions for amendment. At the same time, the paper expounds several confusing situations of ship, the basic object of maritime lien. Maritime lien item is the core content of maritime lien, which items should be given priority to be compensated, which reflects the different consideration of social value and public policy in various countries. The number of projects and the order of the projects will have a substantial impact on the realization of the rights and interests of the creditors, including the mortgagee of the ship. The fourth chapter summarizes the establishment conditions, characteristics and the principle of priority setting of maritime lien items. Each item of maritime lien is evaluated one by one, and the development trend of each item and maritime lien item is analyzed. Finally, the paper puts forward some suggestions for amendment to the limitation of the exclusion of maritime lien items in Maritime Law of China. The existence of maritime lien does not require publicity, which to some extent damages the interests of the mortgagee and the lien. In the fifth chapter, after analyzing the necessity of the existence of maritime liens, the author puts forward his own views on how to balance the interests of the three. And put forward the suggestion to our country's legislation on this question. The exercise of maritime lien is different from the exercise of other rights and needs to be realized by arresting the ship concerned. And its exercise is bound to be limited by maritime liability, enterprise bankruptcy legal system. In this paper, several problems of exercising maritime liens in arrest are discussed, and the relationship between maritime liens and limitation of liability for maritime claims and bankruptcy legal system is analyzed. Some suggestions on how to coordinate the relationship among the three are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：上海海运学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2002
【分类号】：D922.294
本文编号：2342608
[Abstract]:This paper chooses the most representative maritime lien legal system as the research object, taking the maritime law of our country as the foundation and the comparative law as the research method. In the first chapter, the origin and economic reasons of maritime liens are introduced systematically. This paper expounds various theories of the origin of maritime liens, briefly introduces the development of maritime liens in various countries, and further analyses the trend of international unification of the development of maritime liens. In order to better define the nature of maritime liens, the definition and legal characteristics of maritime liens are discussed in detail in the second section of this chapter. In the second chapter, after introducing the judicial and legislative practice of the legal nature of maritime liens in various countries, this paper combines the basic theory of civil law, starting with the object, function, characteristics and effectiveness of the right, and so on. Define maritime lien as real right. In the fourth section of this chapter, the difference between maritime liens and other similar rights is analyzed. The range of subject matter of maritime lien has great influence on the realization of maritime lien. In the third chapter, the author compares the legislation of various countries with the relevant provisions of international conventions, analyzes the limitations of the legislative provisions on the subject matter of maritime liens in China, and puts forward some suggestions for amendment. At the same time, the paper expounds several confusing situations of ship, the basic object of maritime lien. Maritime lien item is the core content of maritime lien, which items should be given priority to be compensated, which reflects the different consideration of social value and public policy in various countries. The number of projects and the order of the projects will have a substantial impact on the realization of the rights and interests of the creditors, including the mortgagee of the ship. The fourth chapter summarizes the establishment conditions, characteristics and the principle of priority setting of maritime lien items. Each item of maritime lien is evaluated one by one, and the development trend of each item and maritime lien item is analyzed. Finally, the paper puts forward some suggestions for amendment to the limitation of the exclusion of maritime lien items in Maritime Law of China. The existence of maritime lien does not require publicity, which to some extent damages the interests of the mortgagee and the lien. In the fifth chapter, after analyzing the necessity of the existence of maritime liens, the author puts forward his own views on how to balance the interests of the three. And put forward the suggestion to our country's legislation on this question. The exercise of maritime lien is different from the exercise of other rights and needs to be realized by arresting the ship concerned. And its exercise is bound to be limited by maritime liability, enterprise bankruptcy legal system. In this paper, several problems of exercising maritime liens in arrest are discussed, and the relationship between maritime liens and limitation of liability for maritime claims and bankruptcy legal system is analyzed. Some suggestions on how to coordinate the relationship among the three are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：上海海运学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2002
【分类号】：D922.294
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 蒋珊珊;论船舶优先权的实现[D];海南大学;2010年
本文编号：2342608
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