论中央对特别行政区的立法权的权力来源、实施方式及合法性审查——以香港特别行政区为例

发布时间：2018-08-02 11:26

【摘要】：全国人大制定的特别行政区基本法规定了特别行政区内实行的制度。除了特别行政区基本法之外,中央还可以通过两种法律,来规定特别行政区内实行的制度:一种是针对特别行政区内的具体情况而制定的专门性法律;另一种是针对全国情况而制定的、可以适用于特别行政区的全国性法律。其中,全国人大可以制定专门性法律和全国性法律;全国人大常委会可以制定全国性法律;中央人民政府在特定情况下可以发布命令将有关全国性法律在特别行政区实施。全国人大、全国人大常委会和中央人民政府的这些权力具有不同的权力来源。专门性法律和全国性法律在特别行政区内具有不同的实施方式,并且在实体和程序上须具有合宪性或者合基本法性的不同要求。对中央的这些立法的合法性审查应当在宪法框架内进行,特别行政区法院无权进行审查。
[Abstract]:The basic Law of the Special Administrative region formulated by the National people's Congress stipulates the system to be implemented in the Special Administrative region. In addition to the basic Law of the Special Administrative region, the Central people's Government may also adopt two kinds of laws to regulate the system to be implemented in the Special Administrative region: one is a special law formulated in response to the specific circumstances of the region; The other is a national law applicable to the Special Administrative region. Among them, the National people's Congress may formulate special laws and national laws; the standing Committee of the National people's Congress may formulate national laws; and the Central people's Government may, under certain circumstances, issue orders to implement relevant national laws in the special administrative regions. These powers of the NPC, the NPC standing Committee and the Central people's Government have different sources of power. Special laws and national laws have different ways of implementation in the Special Administrative region, and they must have different requirements of constitutionality or basic law in substance and procedure. The review of the legality of these central legislation should be carried out within the constitutional framework and not by the courts of the Special Administrative region.
【作者单位】：武汉大学中国中部发展研究院;
【分类号】：D921.9

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