国家赔偿法中的精神损害赔偿制度研究

发布时间：2018-01-20 00:53

本文关键词： 国家赔偿精神损害赔偿制度完善标准　出处：《广东外语外贸大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：建立和完善精神损害赔偿制度，从一个侧面反映了一个国家的民主、法治和人权的发展水平。2010年新修订的《中华人民共和国国家赔偿法》中明确规定了精神损害赔偿制度，这是中国法制化进程中非常重要的一步，贯彻了宪法保障人权的精神，从此我国国家赔偿制度缺少精神损害赔偿的现象已正式成为历史。但是，在实践活动中，精神损害赔偿依然存在着适用条件严格，适用范围狭窄，实际操作困难等等的问题。就其法条本身来说，仅仅限定于“造成严重后果的精神损害”的情况，则对于一般性的精神损害得不到相应赔偿，对于严重后果的又会出现赔偿情形不确定，赔偿标准不具体等影响实践操作的问题。并且对于精神损害的定义，也不应按照传统的思维仅局限于人身权，可以扩大到财产权、名誉权、隐私权等权利。因此，我国的精神损害赔偿制度还需不断发展与完善。本文以我国《国家赔偿法》中精神损害赔偿的具体规定为基础，结合我国的司法实践，分析国内外相关领域的研究成果，进而提出了自己对国家赔偿法中精神损害赔偿制度相关问题的观点及构想。本文共分三大部分，第一部分，对于我国国家赔偿法中的精神损害赔偿的概念，包括法律特征和构成要件，功能和法理依据等做出了说明。并将其与民事侵权中的精神损害赔偿进行比较与分析。第二部分，介绍了我国精神损害赔偿制度的立法现状，分析了其存在的不足与缺陷，例如权利请求人单一，适用范围过窄，标准不确定等。第三部分，提出了对我国国家赔偿法中精神损害赔偿制度完善办法的构想，包括确立归责原则、扩大使用范围，，以及对一些特殊请求权主体资格的确定，并对精神损害赔偿的方式和标准等具体实践问题，例举了现有的相关规则方法，提出了最适宜我国采用的方法。
[Abstract]:To establish and perfect the system of compensation for mental damage, from one side to reflect a country's democracy, "People's Republic of China State Compensation Law >.2010 the development level of the rule of law and human rights in the newly revised clearly stipulate the system of compensation for spiritual damages, it is very important to China legalization process step, carry out the constitutional protection of human rights the spirit, from China's national compensation system lack of compensation for mental damage phenomenon has officially become history. However, in practice, mental damages still exist for strict conditions, the narrow scope of application, the actual operation is difficult and so on. The law itself is only limited to the spirit of" serious consequences damage ", for general mental damage can not get appropriate compensation for serious consequences, and there will be compensation for uncertain situation, compensation standards are not specific. Sound practice problems. And the definition of mental damage, also should not follow the traditional thinking is limited to personal rights, can be extended to property rights, right of reputation, privacy and other rights. Therefore, mental damage compensation system in China still needs development and improvement. This paper is based on the specific provisions of the spirit damage to our national compensation law > < in compensation, with China's judicial practice, analysis of the research results in related fields at home and abroad, and then put forward their own ideas and opinions related to the mental damage compensation system in state compensation law problems.
This paper is divided into three parts, the first part, the concept of compensation for mental damage in State Compensation Law in our country, including the legal characteristics and the elements, functions and legal basis made. And with the spirit of civil damage compensation in comparison and analysis. The second part introduces the legislative status of compensation system the spiritual damage of our country, analyzes their shortcomings, such as the right to claim a single, narrow scope, standard uncertainty. The third part puts forward the system of compensation for spiritual damages compensation law in our country in improving ideas, including the establishment of the principle of imputation, expand the scope of use, and determine the for some special claims subject qualification, practice and problems of mental damage compensation methods and standards, examples of the relevant rules of the existing methods, the most suitable for China's adoption of the method.

【学位授予单位】：广东外语外贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.1

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