我国弹性工时制度立法研究

发布时间：2018-01-24 09:53

本文关键词： 工时制度弹性工作时间工时立法　出处：《上海师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着经济的快速发展,人们物质生活水平的极大提高,人们开始关注自身生活质量,追求更多的休闲时间;且由于部分行业工种极大地受到季节、时令的影响,很多时候需要集中作业,集中休息;此外,由于服务、金融等第三产业的快速发展,朝九晚五的工作时间模式已不能够满足我国企业生产的需求。在此情形下,弹性工时制度应运而生。弹性工作时间制度较之于固定时间制度而言,不仅可以满足用人单位发展生产、提高效益的用人需求,也可以保障和维护劳动者的权益。在提高生产效益的同时,也可以为劳动者兼顾工作和生活提供条件。人们对弹性工时制度的呼声越来越高,企业工时改革的相关新闻也常见诸报端,尤其是各类跨国公司勇于突破现有制度不断尝试各种形式的弹性工时制度。然而无论是学理或是司法实践当中对于何为弹性工时制度却始终没有一个明确的界定,在弹性工时制度的实施上也没有针对性的法律规定。在中国,一方面民众对于实施弹性工作时间制度跃跃欲试,呼声很高;而另一方面,部分企业借弹性工时制之名,要求劳动者无限加班且不给付加班工资,频频侵害劳动者权益的现象时有发生。不可回避的现实是我国弹性工时制度立法缺失,对弹性工时制的适用范围、审批程序等缺乏明确的定义,以及存在频繁的劳动行政争议的现状。工作时间是劳资法律关系最重要的组成部分,合适的工作时间安排可以满足各方共同的利益。弹性工时制度的产生,就是在各方解决固定劳动时间出现的弊病过程中出现的制度。但是由于我国工时立法缺失,弹性工时制度在实施的过程中遭遇挑战,造成了对劳动者权益的侵害。本文通过比较分析、文献分析的研究方法,借鉴发达国家和地区的弹性工作时间制度的经验,对当前我国弹性工作时间制度现状的原因进行分析,为我国更好的建立符合经济发展、尊重和保障劳动者利益的工时制度提供建议和参考。围绕“弹性工时制度的立法”这一中心议题,本文主要分为三个部分。第一章是第一部分,绪论部分主要结合国内外文献进行理论综述,并提出研究问题。第二部分包括第二章和第三章,第二章主要对我国弹性工时制度的两个重要概念进行了界定;第三章,作者分析了当前我国灵活工作时间制度的执行并以深圳市为例对我国弹性工时制度适用的法律及其实施现状进行了介绍,揭示了我国弹性工时制度实施过程中存在的法律问题。第四章为第三部分,分别介绍了日本弹性工时制度的相关立法沿革及实施现状;德国弹性工时制度的起源和发展,我国台湾地区有关弹性工时制度的立法。第四部分也就是本文的第五章,总结和概括本文的论述,并对我国弹性工时制度立法提出意见和建议。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and the great improvement of people's material life level, people begin to pay attention to their own quality of life and pursue more leisure time. And because part of the industry is greatly affected by the season, seasonal, many times need to concentrate the work, concentrated rest; In addition, due to the rapid development of service, finance and other tertiary industries, the 9-to-5 working hours model can no longer meet the production needs of Chinese enterprises. Flexible working hours system emerges as the times require. Compared with the fixed time system, flexible working time system can not only meet the needs of employers to develop production and improve efficiency. Can also protect and protect the rights and interests of workers. In order to improve the efficiency of production, but also to provide conditions for workers to take into account work and life. The news on the reform of working hours in enterprises is also often reported in the press. In particular, all kinds of multinational corporations have the courage to break through the existing system and constantly try various forms of flexible working hours system. However, there is no clear definition of what is flexible working hour system in either academic theory or judicial practice. . In China, on the one hand, the people are eager to test the implementation of flexible working hours system, the voice is very high; On the other hand, in the name of flexible man-hour system, some enterprises require workers to work overtime indefinitely and do not pay overtime wages. The phenomenon of infringing the rights and interests of workers occurs frequently. The unavoidable reality is the lack of legislation of flexible working hours system, the lack of a clear definition of the scope of application of flexible working hours system, examination and approval procedures, etc. Working hours are the most important part of the legal relationship between labor and capital. Appropriate working hours can meet the common interests of all parties. It is the system that appears in the process of solving the problem of fixed working hours. However, due to the absence of legislation on working hours in our country, the flexible working hours system is confronted with challenges in the process of implementation. This article through comparative analysis, literature analysis of research methods, learn from the experience of flexible working time system in developed countries and regions. The reason of the present situation of flexible working time system in our country is analyzed, which is in line with the economic development of our country. This paper is divided into three parts: the first chapter is the first part. The introduction part mainly combines the domestic and foreign literature to carry on the theoretical summary, and raises the research question. The second part includes the second chapter and the third chapter, the second chapter mainly has carried on the definition to our country flexible working hour system two important concepts; In the third chapter, the author analyzes the implementation of the flexible working hours system in China and introduces the applicable laws and the status quo of the flexible working hours system in Shenzhen City. The third part is chapter 4th, which introduces the legislative evolution and implementation status of flexible working hour system in Japan. The origin and development of flexible working hour system in Germany, and the legislation of flexible working hour system in Taiwan. 4th part is the 5th chapter of this paper, summing up and summarizing the discussion of this article. And put forward the opinion and suggestion to our country flexible working hour system legislation.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.53

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