矿山环境保护法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-02-17 03:51

本文关键词： 矿山环境保护法律制度法律举措　出处：《西南交通大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：环境与资源问题是当今世界普遍关注的问题。矿产资源是人类生产和生活的基本资源,是社会发展的物质基础。西藏位于我国西部,拥有得天独厚的、丰富的矿产资源,是我国矿产的主要开发地与战略储备地,全区矿产资源总量潜在价值在万亿元以上,居全国前列。同时西藏地处高海拔地区,高寒和干旱造成了西藏生态环境十分脆弱,矿山开发导致的水污染,草地退化,土地荒漠化,地质灾害频发等现象加剧了西藏的环境问题,正确处理环境保护和矿山开发两者之间的关系对于西藏自治区的发展、对于全面建设小康社会、对于构建人和自然的和谐乃至全国的生态安全都具有重要的意义。在我国尽管很早就有环境保护法,但是针对矿山开发造成的环境问题却没有一部专门的立法进行保护,由于立法分散、执法不统一等各种原因造成我国矿山环境保护力度不够,成效不显著。针对该现象,本文将通过比较发达国家,如美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、日本等矿山环境保护制度成熟且治理成效显著的国家的环境保护法律制度,分析其原因总结出各国成功的立法经验,指出我国矿山环境保护法律制度存在的问题；并以西藏为例就西藏地区矿山开发对环境造成的影响进行分析,提出完善矿山环境保护的法律举措,为将西藏构建成我国生态安全屏障尽微薄之力。
[Abstract]:The problem of environment and resources is a universal concern in the world today. Mineral resources are the basic resources for human production and life and the material basis for social development. Tibet is located in the western part of our country, with unique and rich mineral resources. It is the main exploitation and strategic reserve of mineral resources in China. The total potential value of mineral resources in the whole region is more than one trillion yuan, ranking the forefront of the whole country. At the same time, Tibet is located in high altitude areas, and the ecological environment in Tibet is very fragile as a result of alpine cold and drought. Water pollution, grassland degradation, land desertification, frequent geological disasters and other phenomena caused by mine exploitation have aggravated the environmental problems in Tibet. Correctly handling the relationship between environmental protection and mine development has contributed to the development of the Tibet Autonomous region. It is of great significance to build a well-off society in an all-round way, to build the harmony between man and nature and even the ecological security of the whole country. However, there is no special legislation to protect the environmental problems caused by mine development. Due to various reasons, such as dispersed legislation and inconsistent law enforcement, the environmental protection of mines in our country is not strong enough and the effect is not remarkable. By comparing the environmental protection legal systems of developed countries, such as the United States, Canada, Australia, Japan and other countries with mature environmental protection systems and effective governance, this paper will analyze the reasons for the successful legislative experience of various countries. This paper points out the problems existing in the legal system of mine environmental protection in China, and takes Tibet as an example to analyze the impact of mine development on the environment in Tibet, and puts forward some legal measures to perfect the environmental protection of mines. In order to build Tibet into China's ecological security barrier to do a modest force.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.62

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