高等体育院校学生体育伤害事故侵权责任构成分析

发布时间：2018-02-26 14:40

本文关键词： 高等体育院校学生体育伤害事故注意义务自甘风险特殊体质相当因果关系　出处：《山东大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：伴随着我国在体育事业上取得的举世瞩目的伟大成果,我国俨然已经跻身世界体育强国之列。高等体育院校在我国体育事业发展中扮演的角色尤为重要,其不光直接为我国的体育事业输送了大批体育健儿,更是在职业体育业余体育运动之间起着枢纽的作用。体育不仅作为人们健身、娱乐的一种重要方式,更作为一种产业在经济发展中成为一股不可忽视的力量。然而,在我国体育事业繁荣发展的背后却隐藏着深刻的危机。体育伤害事故、体育侵权事故甚至是类似“班古拉悲剧”这样的球场暴力事件不断引起人们关注,尤其是高等体育院校学生体育伤害事故由于其在主体、法律关系和侵权领域上的特殊性,在司法实务中显得尤为棘手。正确分析此类事故的特殊性并与侵权责任法的一般理论相结合是成功解决此类司法实务的关键。本文从分析高等体育院校学生体育伤害事故的概念、致害原因和事故类型入手,在对此类事故积累了大量材料的基础上重点讨论此类事故中侵权责任的构成要件。本文主要分为五部分：第一部分,笔者首先提出了高等体育院校学生伤害事故的概念,并从主观方面、时空界限和主体构成三个方面讨论了其不同于一般侵权事故的特殊性。然后分析了造成此类事故的通常原因和事故类型,并针对不同原因和类型分析了其中所涉及的法律关系。第二部分,在主观过错的认定上,笔者从比较法的角度首先对过错的本质进行了的研究,从而得出其核心问题是对注意义务的违反；然后从横向和纵向两个维度解决了注意义务的标准问题,从核心问题上解决了过错的认定标准；最后结合高等体育院校学生体育伤害事故的主体特殊性,将这种标准落脚到高等体育院校学生体育伤害事故侵权责任上来,得出了作为这一事故侵权责任的构成要件之一的主观过错的认定标准。第三部分,在侵权行为的违法性认定上,笔者首先以德国法理论为基础研究了违法性的本质。接下来重点研究了体育运动中“自甘风险”原则对这种违法性的阻断,并总结了“自甘风险”原则的适用条件。第四部分,在在因果关系的认定上,笔者首先介绍了学界目前所接受的通说“相当因果关系”理论对侵权法上因果关系的概念所下的定义,以及认定方法。然后重点研究了高等体育院校学生体育伤害事故中受害者存在特殊体质对因果关系认定的影响。最后,笔者简单介绍了高等体育院校学生体育伤害事故的损害事实。
[Abstract]:With the great achievements that our country has made in sports cause, our country has become one of the most powerful sports countries in the world. Sports colleges and universities play a very important role in the development of sports in our country. It not only directly conveys a large number of sports athletes for the sports cause of our country, but also plays a pivotal role in the amateur sports of professional sports. Sports not only serve as an important way for people to keep fit and entertain, As an industry, it has become a force that can not be ignored in economic development. However, behind the prosperity and development of sports in China, there is a profound crisis. Sports injury accidents, The sports tort accident and even the course violence such as "Bangura tragedy" have aroused people's attention, especially because of its particularity in the field of subject, legal relationship and tort, especially the sports injury accident of the students in higher sports colleges and universities, because of its particularity in the field of subject, legal relationship and infringement. It is very difficult in judicial practice to correctly analyze the particularity of this kind of accident and combine it with the general theory of tort liability law, which is the key to solve this kind of judicial practice successfully. This paper begins with the analysis of the concept, causes and types of sports injury accidents among students in physical education colleges and universities. On the basis of accumulating a great deal of material to this kind of accident, the paper mainly discusses the constitutive elements of tort liability in this kind of accident. This article is divided into five parts:. In the first part, the author first puts forward the concept of injury accident of students in physical education colleges and universities, and from the subjective aspect, This paper discusses the particularity of the limitation of time and space and the constitution of the subject, and then analyzes the common causes and types of such accidents, and analyzes the legal relations involved in them according to the different causes and types. The second part, in the subjective fault confirmation, the author first carries on the research from the comparative law angle to the fault essence, thus obtains its core question is the violation to the duty of care; Then from the horizontal and vertical dimensions to solve the standard problem of duty of care, from the core issues to resolve the fault of the standard; finally combined with the physical education college students sports injury accident of the particularity of the subject, This standard is settled on the tort liability of sports injury accident of students in physical education colleges and universities, and the criterion of subjective fault which is one of the constitutive elements of the tort liability of this accident is obtained. In the third part, the author studies the nature of illegality on the basis of German law theory, and then focuses on the blocking of illegality by the principle of "taking risks from oneself" in sports. And summed up the principle of "self-risk" applicable conditions. In the 4th part, in the cognizance of causality, the author first introduces the definition of the concept of causality in tort law by the theory of "equivalent causality", which is accepted by scholars at present. And then, the influence of the victim's special physique on the causality in the sports injury accident of the students in physical education college was studied. Finally, the author briefly introduces the damage facts of sports injury accident.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.16;D923

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