法国医疗纠纷赔偿制度

发布时间：2018-03-04 15:00

本文选题：医疗纠纷　切入点：调解　出处：《西南政法大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来，我国发生多起严重的医患纠纷事件，产生了不良的社会影响，，医生病患之间的关系趋于对立。造成这一现象的很大原因就是我国对于医疗纠纷的处理不当造成的。我国于2002年颁布了《医疗事故处理条例》，之后天津市于2009年率先成立了医疗纠纷人民调解委员会，希望通过诉讼之外的第三方调解的机制解决医疗纠纷赔偿问题。通过对法国医疗纠纷赔偿制度的学习发现，法国于2002年3月4日通过的《患者权利及医疗系统质量法》正是希望以相似的路径解决这一问题。通过对法国经验的了解和学习，结合我国当下的国情，提出适合的建议。法国严格区分公立医疗体系和私立医疗体系。其中,公立医疗体系被看做行政机构，医务人员的行为视为公务员行为；私立医疗体系中的个人及机构都是民事主体。在2002年改革之前的医疗纠纷处理中，需要先行明确医疗侵权主体，方可以选择适格的行政法院或者民事法庭进行诉讼。由于常常身患严重疾病的病人经过了多个医疗机构的医治，两大医疗体系交错使用，造成归责认定困难，赔偿程序繁琐。改革后，设立国家医疗事故赔偿办公室、地方医疗事故调解与赔偿委员会和国家医疗事故委员会三个新的行政机构，采取第三方行政机构介入组织调解，以及行政机构通过评估进行国家补偿的方式，以此解决医疗纠纷，从而建立从地方到中央的一个全新的系统。该系统具有免费、自愿、专业、调解优先的特点。申请者自愿向地方医疗事故调解与赔偿委员会提起赔偿，该程序不收取任何费用。在赔偿程序中随时可以退出，进行诉讼。该程序引入了医疗专家的鉴定评估，给出专业的鉴定报告。在调解过程中组织多方会谈，给多方和解提供机会。如果最后国家医疗事故办公室认定医疗机构或医疗人员有过错，而相关的保险公司拒绝赔偿的，可以先行要求国家医疗事故办公室赔偿，此后由国家医疗事故办公室行使代位赔偿请求权向保险公司索赔。本文主要介绍了法国医疗纠纷赔偿机制所涉及的各个机构的职能与作用，法国医疗纠纷赔偿制度的运作机制。并通过对法国医疗纠纷赔偿机制的学习，对照现阶段中国医疗纠纷赔偿制度的现状，找寻经验和教训。
[Abstract]:In recent years, there have been many serious cases of doctor-patient disputes in China, which have had adverse social effects. The relationship between doctors and patients tends to be in opposition. The reason for this phenomenon is the improper handling of medical disputes in our country. On 2002, China promulgated the regulations on handling Medical malpractice, and then Tianjin Municipality on 2009. The people's Mediation Committee for Medical disputes was first set up. It is hoped that the issue of compensation for medical disputes will be resolved through a mechanism of mediation by third parties other than litigation. Through the study of the medical dispute compensation system in France, we have found that, The Law on patient Rights and the quality of Medical system adopted by France in March 4th 2002 hopes to solve this problem in a similar way. Through the understanding and study of the French experience and combining with the current situation of our country, some suitable suggestions are put forward. France strictly distinguishes between the public health system and the private medical system. Among them, the public health care system is regarded as the administrative institution, and the behavior of the medical personnel is regarded as the behavior of the civil servant. Individuals and institutions in the private medical system are civil subjects. In handling medical disputes before the 2002 reform, it is necessary to first clarify the subject of medical tort. The parties can choose a suitable administrative court or a civil court for litigation. Because patients who are often suffering from serious diseases have been treated by several medical institutions, the two medical systems are interlaced, resulting in difficulties in determining liability. After the reform, three new administrative bodies, the National Medical accident compensation Office, the Local Medical accident Mediation and compensation Commission and the National Medical accident Commission, were set up, and third party administrative bodies were involved in organizing mediation. And administrative agencies through the evaluation of state compensation to resolve medical disputes, thus establishing a new system from the local to the central. The system has the characteristics of free, voluntary, professional and mediation priority. Applicants voluntarily lodge compensation with the local Medical accident Mediation and compensation Commission, which does not charge any fee. Conduct litigation. This procedure introduces medical experts' appraisal, gives professional appraisal reports, organizes multi-party talks during mediation, If the National Medical malpractice Office determines that the medical institution or medical personnel is at fault, and the relevant insurance company refuses to pay compensation, it may first ask the National Medical malpractice Office for compensation. Since then by the National Medical malpractice Office to exercise the right to subrogation claims to insurance companies. This paper mainly introduces the functions and functions of various institutions involved in the medical dispute compensation mechanism in France, the operational mechanism of the medical dispute compensation system in France, and the study of the medical dispute compensation mechanism in France. Compare the current situation of China's medical dispute compensation system, look for experience and lessons.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.16

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