我国国家赔偿中精神损害赔偿制度的研究

发布时间：2018-03-19 09:01

本文选题：精神损害　切入点：精神损害赔偿　出处：《山东大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：2010年《国家赔偿法》的修订将精神损害赔偿纳入国家赔偿范围,是我国法制建设的重大进步,使公民的精神利益有了更全面的保障。《国家赔偿法》第35条规定：“致人精神损害的,赔偿义务机关应当消除影响、恢复名誉、赔礼道歉；对造成严重后果的,应当支付相应的精神损害抚慰金。”但是该规定只是原则性的肯定了精神损害赔偿制度,并没有针对该领域涉及的内容给出详细的规定,明显缺乏可操作性。本文通过对《国家赔偿法》的分析,同时对比相关民法规定以及国内外的实践经验和相关理论来找出该制度现有的问题与不足,并针对存在的问题提出自己的一些解决方法和建议。本文首先介绍了精神损害以及精神损害赔偿的概念、国内外精神损害赔偿制度的起源和历史发展情况,并对精神损害的概念、性质以及精神损害与人格权益损害的关系进行了探讨。其次本文阐明了精神损害赔偿制度存在的意义和功能,同时对我国《国家赔偿法》中的精神损害赔偿制度的现行规定做了介绍,并对比我国民法的相关规定对该制度现存的问题做了归纳和整理,指出我国精神损害赔偿制度在赔偿范围、赔偿金额的计算以及国家承担精神损害赔偿的条件和确定赔偿金时应考虑的因素等方面的规定还存在大量空白和不合理之处。最后,针对我国国家赔偿中精神损害赔偿制度所存在的问题,通过借鉴民事侵权法的相关规定以及参考国外立法的经验提出了解决问题的几点建议,希望对今后的精神损害赔偿制度的完善工作有一定的启发作用。
[Abstract]:In 2010, the amendment of the State compensation Law incorporated the compensation for mental damage into the scope of state compensation, which was a major progress in the construction of the legal system in China. Article 35 of the State compensation Law provides that: "where mental harm is caused, the organ responsible for compensation shall remove the influence, restore its reputation, and make an apology; if it causes serious consequences, The corresponding compensation for moral damage shall be paid... "but this provision is only a principled affirmation of the system of compensation for moral damage, and there is no detailed provision on the content involved in this field," Obviously lack of maneuverability. Through the analysis of the State compensation Law and the comparison of the relevant civil law and domestic and foreign practical experience and relevant theories, this paper finds out the existing problems and shortcomings of the system. And put forward some solutions and suggestions for the existing problems. This paper first introduces the concept of mental damage and compensation for mental damage, the origin and historical development of the system of compensation for spiritual damage at home and abroad, and the concept of mental damage. The nature and the relationship between mental damage and personality damage are discussed. Secondly, this paper expounds the significance and function of the system of compensation for mental damage. At the same time, it introduces the current provisions of the mental damage compensation system in the State compensation Law, and summarizes and arranges the existing problems of this system by comparing the relevant provisions of the civil law of our country. It is pointed out that there are still a lot of gaps and unreasonableness in the scope of compensation, the calculation of the amount of compensation, the conditions under which the state undertakes the compensation for moral damage and the factors to be considered in determining the compensation. In view of the problems existing in the system of compensation for mental damage in our country's national compensation, this paper puts forward some suggestions to solve the problem by referring to the relevant provisions of the civil tort law and the experience of foreign legislation. It is hoped that it will enlighten the improvement of mental damage compensation system in the future.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.1

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