北京市医疗纠纷人民调解与诉讼衔接现状及典型案例研究

发布时间：2018-03-23 17:08

本文选题：北京市　切入点：医疗纠纷人民调解　出处：《北京中医药大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：医疗纠纷的有效解决很大程度上取决于能够根据医疗纠纷的特点而选择相适应的医疗纠纷解决方式。不同情况、不同特点的医疗纠纷要求不同的医疗纠纷解决方式来解决,医疗纠纷的解决方式不应是单一的,而应形成一种多元化的纠纷解决机制。从实践来看,医疗纠纷主要通过医患双方当事人自主协商、医疗纠纷人民调解委员会调解或者法院诉讼等途径来解决。但是,以北京地区为例,协商的范围有限,对于在公立医疗机构发生的患方索赔金额1万元以上的医疗纠纷,只能通过北京市医疗纠纷人民调解委员会调解或者诉讼的方式解决。医疗纠纷人民调解具有调解免费、程序灵活、周期较短以及缓和医患双方对立情绪等优势,但也存在着诸如调解协议不具有强制执行力等缺陷；诉讼途径解决医疗纠纷无论最终的结案方式是调解还是判决,均具有强制执行力,但是,诉讼在解决医疗纠纷的过程中也有其固有的缺陷,诸如成本高昂、周期较长、法官无法判断专业性很强的医学问题以及当事人之间的对立情绪无法得到缓解等。在解决医疗纠纷的过程中,医疗纠纷人民调解和诉讼存在着各自的优缺点,将二者衔接起来在一定程度上可以解决这一问题,目前,北京地区有三个区县法院正在试点,且取得了一定成绩。本文旨在通过对北京市医疗纠纷人民调解与诉讼衔接现状进行研究,归纳现有衔接模式,挖掘衔接过程中存在的问题,找出完善的建议对策,完善北京市医疗纠纷人民调解与诉讼衔接机制,更好地解决现有的日益激化的医疗纠纷,缓和医患之间的紧张关系,构建和谐的医患环境。为了实现这一研究目标,本研究查阅了大量的国内外文献资料,了解国内的医疗纠纷人民调解机制的优缺点及诉讼机制的特点,二者衔接的状况,以及国外类似制度的具体做法；采用电话访谈的方式,对北京市医疗纠纷人民调解委员会成立以来的转调案件整体进行电话访谈,并结合在北京市西城区人民法院和北京市医疗纠纷人民调解委员会实习过程中收集到的典型案例、对调解员和法官以及相关专家的访谈,了解北京市医疗纠纷人民调解与诉讼衔接的现状。研究发现,北京市医疗纠纷人民调解委员会与诉讼衔接的现有表现形式主要有诉前转调、诉中委托调解和达成调解协议后的司法确认三种。取得了一定的成效：为当事人提供了一种方便快捷、省时省力的纠纷解决途径；转调案件经医调委调解,缓和了当事人之间的矛盾冲突,促进了诉讼调解的成功；人民调解协议的司法确认程序赋予调解协议以强制执行力,给当事人吃了一颗“定心丸”。也存在着一定的问题：试点范围有限；衔接的程序不一,且缺乏长效机制；监督机制不健全,易出现强制转调或不愿转调的现象；调解员的素质直接影响调解的结果；司法确认审查过于形式化,易滋生后续问题。针对以上问题,提出了相应的完善建议：扩大试点范围；统一衔接程序,建立长效机制；完善监督机制；提高调解员素质；严格司法确认的审查。
[Abstract]:To effectively solve the medical disputes depends largely on according to the characteristics of medical disputes and choose to adapt the way of medical dispute resolution of medical disputes. In different situations, different characteristics of the different requirements of the medical dispute resolution to solve, the way of solving the medical dispute is not single, but should form a diversified dispute resolution mechanism. From the point of view of practice, medical disputes mainly through patient parties consultations, medical dispute mediation committee for mediation or court proceedings and other ways to solve. However, taking Beijing area as an example, the limited scope of the consultation, to occur in public medical institutions who claim the amount of 10 thousand yuan of medical disputes, only through mediation Beijing Municipal People's medical dispute mediation committee or litigation to resolve.
The medical dispute mediation mediation procedure with free, flexible, short cycle and ease the doctor-patient antagonism and other advantages, but also exists such as the mediation agreement is not enforceable and other defects; litigation to solve medical disputes whether the final settlement is mediation or judgment, enforceable, but also procedural defects there are inherent in the process of solving the medical dispute in, such as high cost, long cycle, the judge cannot determine the antagonism between the medical problems of highly professional and the parties will not ease. In the process of solving the medical dispute, medical dispute mediation and litigation are the advantages and disadvantages of the two. Link up to a certain extent can solve this problem, at present, Beijing has three district court is a pilot, and achieved certain results.
This paper aims at the study of the Beijing Municipal People's medical dispute mediation and litigation status, summarizes the existing connection mode, there is convergence problems in the process of mining, find out the countermeasures perfect, perfect the Beijing Municipal People's medical dispute mediation and litigation mechanism, to better solve the increasing medical disputes, easing tensions between doctors and patients the construction of harmonious doctor-patient relationship. In order to achieve this goal, this study examined a large number of domestic and foreign literature, the characteristics and disadvantages of the lawsuit mechanism of understanding domestic medical dispute mediation mechanism, two convergence conditions, and specific practices of similar systems abroad; using telephone interviews conducted telephone interview of Beijing Municipal People's medical dispute mediation committee. Since the establishment of the whole case, combined with the Beijing City People's court and Xicheng District The typical cases collected from the people's mediation committee of medical disputes in Beijing, and interviews with mediators, judges and related experts were conducted to understand the current situation of people's mediation and litigation connection in Beijing medical disputes.
The study found that the existing form of the convergence of Beijing Municipal People's medical dispute mediation committee and litigation are the main transfer before litigation, litigation mediation commission and the judicial confirmation after a mediation agreement is reached three. Certain achievements have been made: for the parties to provide a convenient, saves time and labor disputes resolution; the cases. Medical tune mediation committee, to ease the conflicts between the parties, to promote the success of the lawsuit mediation; people's mediation agreement judicial confirmation procedures give the mediation agreement of enforcement, the parties to eat a "reassurance". There are also some problems: the scope of the pilot program is limited; cohesion, and lack of long-term mechanism; supervision mechanism is not perfect, prone to compulsive or unwilling to transfer the modulation phenomenon; the quality of mediators directly affect the outcome of mediation; judicial confirmation review is too formal, The following problems are easy to breed. For the above problems, the corresponding suggestions are put forward: expand the scope of the pilot, unite the procedures, establish long-term mechanism, perfect the supervision mechanism, improve the quality of the mediator, and strictly examine the judicial confirmation.

【学位授予单位】：北京中医药大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R-051;D922.16

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