地方自治视野下中央与地方关系法治化研究
发布时间:2018-04-14 02:22
本文选题:央地法律关系 + 法治化 ; 参考:《辽宁大学》2017年硕士论文
【摘要】:中央与地方关系问题是关系到一个国家政治建设、经济建设、社会建设的根本性问题,对中央与地方关系的认识直接影响到甚至引导和左右国家的宏观体制改革的未来趋势。地方自治是中央与地方关系中一个重要的研究方向。虽然地方自治更多地体现了一种权利的属性,但在实际运行过程中,地方自治则外化表现为中央与地方关系的权力分配。在地方自治的实践中,我们应当如何保障中央与地方分权的合理、科学、高效,防止出现过度集权和过度分权,从法律的角度来讲,坚持和推进中央和地方关系法治化可以起到积极的作用。正是基于以上背景,本文主要从权利配置的角度出发,着眼于地方自治实践下中央和地方关系法治化问题研究。此外,本文亦从比较法的视角出发,对日本地方自治实践及近期动态进行了介绍并同中国地方自治的实践进行了比较。选取日本的原因,是考虑到日本与中国同为单一制国家,近代以来日本多次开展地方分权改革,积累了较为丰富的地方自治实践经验。在处理中央与地方关系方面其历史沿革及经验对现今的中国不无启迪。诚然中国有自己独特的国情,但在世界文明发展的大环境下,和而不同,学会共处、包容和学习对国家的长远发展至关重要。对日本中央与地方关系的处理特别是日本地方自治改革的经验加以适度借鉴并合理扬弃,将有助于我国中央与地方关系法治化的推进。本文主要由三部分构成,系统地探讨了中央与地方关系法治化问题。第一部分是对中央和地方法律关系的论述,特别是从法理角度解析中央与地方关系,这是讨论中央与地方法律关系问题的基调,也为后文中央与地方关系法治化研究奠定基础。第二部分从权利要素角度切入研究中央与地方关系,进而引入地方自治的概念。地方自治不同于地方治理,地方自治具有权利属性和权力属性的双面性。同时将我国与日本地方自治实践及动态进行比较分析,为下文中央与地方关系法治化的论述提供理论支持和铺垫。第三部分基于前两部分的理论研究,围绕中央与地方关系法治化展开论述。主要从地方自治的角度,阐述了中央与地方法治化的理论及现实必要性,剖析了中央与地方关系法治化进程中我国存在的问题,并结合日本地方自治实践的经验分析了现行国情下我国中央与地方发展关系的进路。
[Abstract]:The relationship between the central government and the local government is a fundamental problem related to the political construction, economic construction and social construction of a country. The understanding of the relationship between the central and local governments directly affects and even guides and affects the future trend of the macro-system reform of the country.Local autonomy is an important research direction in the relationship between central government and local government.Although the local autonomy embodies the attribute of a kind of right more, but in the actual operation process, the local autonomy is externalized as the distribution of power between the central government and the local government.In the practice of local autonomy, how should we ensure the rational, scientific and efficient separation of powers between the central and local governments, and prevent excessive centralization and excessive decentralization from the legal point of view?Upholding and promoting the legalization of central and local relations can play a positive role.Based on the above background, this paper focuses on the study of the legalization of the relationship between the central and local governments in the practice of local autonomy from the perspective of power allocation.In addition, from the perspective of comparative law, this paper introduces the practice and recent developments of local autonomy in Japan and compares it with the practice of local autonomy in China.The reason for choosing Japan is considering that Japan and China are both monolithic countries, Japan has carried out decentralization reform many times since modern times, and has accumulated rich practical experience of local autonomy.Its historical evolution and experience in handling the relationship between the central and local governments are instructive to present China.It is true that China has its own unique national conditions, but in the great environment of the development of world civilization, harmony without difference, learning to live side by side, tolerance and learning are of great importance to the long-term development of the country.How to deal with the relationship between the central and local governments of Japan, especially the experience of the reform of local autonomy in Japan, will be helpful to the legalization of the relationship between the central and local governments in China.This paper mainly consists of three parts and systematically discusses the legalization of the relationship between central and local.The first part is the discussion of the legal relationship between the central and the local, especially the analysis of the relationship between the central and the local from the angle of jurisprudence, which is the keynote of discussing the legal relationship between the central and the local, and also lays a foundation for the later study on the legalization of the relationship between the central and the local.The second part studies the relationship between central government and local government from the angle of right elements, and then introduces the concept of local autonomy.Local autonomy is different from local governance.At the same time, the author makes a comparative analysis of the practice and dynamics of local autonomy between China and Japan, which provides theoretical support and foundation for the discussion of the legalization of the relationship between the central and local governments.The third part is based on the first two parts of the theoretical study, around the relationship between the central and local rule of law.From the angle of local autonomy, this paper expounds the theoretical and practical necessity of the rule of law between the central and local governments, and analyzes the problems existing in the process of the legalization of the relationship between the central and local governments in China.Combined with the practice of local autonomy in Japan, this paper analyzes the development of the relationship between central and local areas under the current situation of China.
【学位授予单位】:辽宁大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2017
【分类号】:D927
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