水污染第三方治理机制中第三方权利保障研究

发布时间：2018-04-21 22:30

本文选题：水污染第三方治理 + 第三方权利　；参考：《浙江农林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：第三方治理模式在水污染防治领域的应用,是逐步将水污染防治领域全面向社会资本开放的过程,整合了政府资源和社会资本的优势用于水污染治理,是环境污染治理的新尝试。在实践中,第三方治理模式显现出了巨大潜力的同时也面临着存在许多挑战。其中,环境治理服务第三方权利的保障问题尤为突出。环境治理服务第三方权利得到有效保护不仅有利于环境污染第三方治理的发展,而且有利于第三方治理模式在水污染治理领域的实践运用。环境治理第三方权利受损主要表现在:公平竞争权受到损害,环境治理第三方的自由竞争和机会平等的权利得不到保障;政府的不当干预让企业所有权和控制权的行使受到限制,环境治理第三方的自主经营权受到损害;受制于政府和排污企业让第三方的合同债权得不到实现;税收和金融贷款方面的政策支持力度不足。水污染第三方治理机制中第三方权利未能得到法律的有效保障,原因是多方面的。既有宏观上所存在的立法缺失与滞后,现有制度不够完善的缺陷,也存在中观层面的机制不够健全:政府监管机制失灵,第三方市场的准入和退出机制等;还存在着配套政策的缺失:比如税收优惠和融资政策的支持。这些原因的存在,在一定程度上影响着水污染第三方治理机制中第三方权利的有效实现。为此,需要通过完善法律规范和相关制度,以明确水污染第三方治理当中相关各方的责任,平衡各方的利益,尤其需要注重处于弱势地位的第三方权利的维护。通过完善监管制度,规制政府的行政行为;建立第三方治理市场的准入和退出机制,建立一个公平竞争的良好环境,切实保障第三方环境治理企业的权益;通过完善财税和融资政策,对为社会提供公共环境服务的水污染治理第三方的正当经营提供必要的优惠支持措施,让水污染第三方治理模式能够走上更可持续的发展道路。
[Abstract]:The application of the third-party governance model in the field of water pollution control is the process of gradually opening the field of water pollution control to social capital and integrating the advantages of government resources and social capital for water pollution control. It is a new attempt of environmental pollution control. In practice, the third-party governance model shows great potential, but also faces many challenges. Among them, the protection of environmental governance service third-party rights is particularly prominent. The effective protection of the third party rights of environmental governance service is not only conducive to the development of the third party management of environmental pollution, but also conducive to the practical application of the third party management mode in the field of water pollution control. The damage of the third party's rights of environmental governance is mainly reflected in: the right to fair competition is damaged, and the right of free competition and equal opportunity of the third party of environmental governance is not guaranteed; The improper government intervention restricts the exercise of enterprise ownership and control right, impairs the independent management right of the third party in environmental governance, and is restricted by the government and the polluter enterprise to make the third party's contract creditor's right unrealized. Tax and financial lending policy support is inadequate. The third party rights in the third party water pollution control mechanism can not be effectively protected by law for many reasons. There are not only the defects of legislation in macro level, but also the defects of the existing system, and the imperfect mechanism at the middle level: the failure of the government supervision mechanism, the entry and exit mechanism of the third party market, and so on; There is also a lack of supporting policies, such as tax incentives and financing policies. To some extent, the existence of these causes affects the effective realization of third party rights in the third party water pollution control mechanism. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the legal norms and relevant systems in order to clarify the responsibilities of the relevant parties in the third party management of water pollution, balance the interests of all parties, and pay special attention to the protection of the rights of the third parties in a weak position. By perfecting the supervision system, regulating the government's administrative behavior, establishing the access and exit mechanism of the third party's governance market, establishing a good environment for fair competition, and ensuring the rights and interests of the third party's environmental governance enterprises; Through perfecting fiscal and tax policies and financing policies, we can provide necessary preferential support measures for the proper operation of the third party in water pollution control, which provides public environmental services to the society, so that the third party treatment mode of water pollution can embark on a more sustainable development path.
【学位授予单位】：浙江农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.68

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