完善行政执法程序立法的几个问题

发布时间：2018-04-24 04:01

本文选题：行政执法程序 + 统一立法　；参考：《行政法学研究》2015年04期

【摘要】：《行政处罚法》、《行政许可法》、《行政强制法》等单行立法仅规范部分执法活动,调研表明,行政执法实践存在大量问题,与执法程序立法的总则性规范缺失和不完善有直接关系。落实四中全会《决定》提出的完善执法程序立法的要求,首先需要调整立法思路,由单行"零售立法"转向制定综合性统一立法,具体方案可以先由国务院制定《行政执法程序条例》。制定条例,要回应行政执法实践面临的双重问题:一方面是执法权违法行使与执法不公,损害当事人的权利和执法公平;另一方面是行政执法中较为普遍存在的执法不作为与慢作为,行政执法效能不足,法律得不到有效实施。保障公民权利与提升行政效能是立法要实现的双重目的。保障公民权利要解决执法乱作为问题,主要机制包括确立行政基本原则、保障公民知情权与参与权、完善行政执法证据制度等;提升行政效能要解决执法不作为与慢作为问题,主要机制包括理顺执法机关纵向横向关系,简化申请处理程序,提升行政执法信息化程度等。
[Abstract]:"Administrative punishment Law", "Administrative license Law", "Administrative compulsory Law" and other separate legislations only regulate some law enforcement activities. The investigation shows that there are a lot of problems in the practice of administrative law enforcement, which is directly related to the lack and imperfection of the general rules of law enforcement procedure legislation. In order to fulfill the requirements of the fourth Plenary session of the CPC Central Committee to perfect the legislation of law enforcement procedures, first of all, we need to adjust the legislative thinking and shift from a single line of "retail legislation" to the formulation of a comprehensive and unified legislation. Specific plans may first be formulated by the State Council regulations on Administrative Enforcement procedures. The formulation of regulations should respond to the dual problems faced by the practice of administrative law enforcement: on the one hand, the illegal exercise of law enforcement power and unfair law enforcement, damage the rights of the parties and the fairness of law enforcement; On the other hand, the administrative law enforcement is not effective and the law can not be implemented effectively because of the common law enforcement omission and slow action. Protection of civil rights and promotion of administrative efficiency are the dual purposes of legislation. In order to protect citizens' rights, we should solve the problem of law enforcement misbehavior. The main mechanisms include establishing the basic principles of administration, protecting citizens' right to know and participating, perfecting the system of evidence of administrative law enforcement, and so on. The main mechanisms include straightening out the vertical horizontal relationship between law enforcement agencies, simplifying the application processing procedures, and enhancing the level of informatization of administrative law enforcement.
【作者单位】： "2011计划"司法文明协同创新中心中国政法大学诉讼法学研究院;
【基金】：作者主持的国务院法制办公室协调司委托课题“规范行政执法程序立法研究”阶段性成果
【分类号】：D922.1

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