行政强制执行催告程序研究

发布时间：2018-05-07 03:05

本文选题：催告程序 + 行政强制执行　；参考：《山东大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：2011年6月30日十一届全国人大常委会第二十一次会议表决通过了《中华人民共和国行政强制法》(以下简称《行政强制法》),该法自2012年1月1日起实施。《行政强制法》历经12年最终通过,这是我国行政法治发展进程中的重要事件,是完善中国特色社会主义法律体系的一件大事,也是全面推进依法行政的重要里程碑。国家无强制,社会便无秩序,但《行政强制法》不是放任强制的法,而是规范强制的法。《行政强制法》在行政强制执行程序中特别规定了催告程序,这是我国行政强制执行立法上的创新。催告当事人自觉履行行政义务,是以柔性的管理手段来实现与行政强制执行相同的目的,为当事人提供二次履行义务的机会,在行政机关和当事人之间建立一个和谐有序的对话平台,是行政法程序正当性理论和平衡论的体现和贯彻。然而催告程序是一个行政法领域内的崭新话题,目前为止,学理界对该程序的研究主要依附在对行政强制执行程序的理论研究中,单独以催告程序作为研究对象的理论成果相对较少。而笔者认为,《行政强制法》虽然对催告程序作了创新性的规定,但难免有不足之处。本文从分析催告程序的角度出发,界定了催告程序的概念和属性,阐明了催告程序确立的理论基础和必要性及可行性,梳理了《行政强制法》中有关催告程序的相关规定,并提出了些许不足之处,将其他国家和地区的催告制度作了比较分析,并为探讨和完善我国的催告程序提出了一些自己的见解。基于此,本文主要通过五部分来展开论述：第一部分是催告程序的概述。主要对催告程序的概念、属性和理论基础进行介绍和分析,从而引起下文关于催告程序的深入探讨。第二部分是催告程序确立的必要性和可行性。必要性从当前我国行政执法实践的迫切需要、人权保障的必然选择、有利于《行政强制法》立法目的的实现三个方面进行论述,可行性主要从传统儒家法律思想对我国法治建设的影响和当前我国存在有利于催告程序构建的广阔制度空间两方面进行论述。第三部分结合《行政强制法》中有关“催告”制度规定的法条,对我国催告程序的构成要件作了详细的分析,同时把催告程序进行中的几个特殊情形作了介绍。《行政强制法》虽然规定了催告程序,但并不是所有的行政强制都必须有该环节,本部分也重点介绍了行政强制中无需催告的执行方式。最后,结合本法的条文规定,笔者罗列了几处催告程序立法上的不足,为下文的完善措施做好铺垫。第四部分是其他国家和地区有关催告程序的立法分析。催告程序是我国立法对西方国家强制执行制度中必须经过的“告诫”程序的适当引入。该部分对德国、奥地利、日本和我国台湾地区“行政强制法”中有关催告的相关制度和规定作了大略考察,期望对我国催告制度的完善和实践提供有益的经验和借鉴。第五部分是对我国催告程序的完善。在承接上文的基础上,该部分分别从强化催告程序的地位、确认作出催告的时间点、完善催告事项、增添当事人的救济权利、理顺催告程序内部环节和适当设置催告履行期限六个方面对我国催告程序的完善提出了系统、全面的对策和建议,并进行了具体的分析和论述。
[Abstract]:The twenty-first meeting of the Standing Committee of the eleven National People's Congress in June 30, 2011 voted through the Administrative Coercion Law of People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as "Administrative Coercion Law"). This law has been implemented since January 1, 2012. "Administrative Coercion Law" has passed through 12 years. This is an important event in the process of the development of the administrative rule of law in China. It is a perfect China. A major event of the socialist legal system with characteristics is also an important milestone in comprehensively promoting the administration according to law.
There is no compulsory state in the state, but the society is disorderly, but the Administrative Coercion Law is not the law of letting the compulsion, but the law of the standard compulsory. The administrative coercion law specifically stipulates the expressing procedure in the administrative enforcement procedure. This is the innovation in the legislative enforcement of administrative enforcement in our country. To achieve the same purpose as administrative enforcement, to provide the parties with the two opportunities to fulfill their obligations, to establish a harmonious and orderly dialogue platform between the administrative organs and the parties, is the embodiment and implementation of the theory of the legitimacy of administrative law and the theory of balance. However, the procedure is a new topic in the field of administrative law, so far. The research of the academic circles on the procedure is mainly attached to the theoretical research on the administrative enforcement procedure, and the theoretical results of the individual taking the procedure as the research object are relatively few. The author thinks that although the Administrative Coercion Law has made an innovative provision on the process of expressing the notice, it is unavoidable to have shortcomings. In this paper, the concept and attribute of the procedure are defined, the theoretical basis, the necessity and the feasibility of the establishment of the expressing procedure are clarified, and the relevant provisions concerning the procedures in the administrative coercive law are combed, and some inadequacies are put forward to make a comparison and analysis of the reporting system in other countries and regions, and to explore and improve our country. Based on this, this paper mainly discusses the following five parts:
The first part is an overview of the notice procedure. It mainly introduces and analyzes the concept, attribute and theoretical basis of the notice procedure, which leads to the further discussion of the following procedures.
The second part is the necessity and feasibility of the establishment of the expressing procedure. The necessity, from the urgent need of the practice of administrative law enforcement in our country, the inevitable choice of the protection of human rights, is beneficial to the realization of the three aspects of the implementation of the Administrative Coercion Law and the realization of the legislative purpose, and the feasibility is mainly from the influence and current of the traditional Confucian law of law on the construction of the rule of law in our country. There are two aspects in our country that are conducive to the establishment of a wide system space.
The third part, in combination with the law of the "expressing" system stipulated in the Administrative Coercion Law, makes a detailed analysis of the elements of the constitution of the proceedings in China, and introduces several special cases in the process of expressing the notice. This part also focuses on the implementation of the administrative coercion which does not need to be urged. Finally, in accordance with the provisions of this law, the author lists several deficiencies in the legislative procedure of the expressing procedures and pave the way for the improvement measures below.
The fourth part is the legislative analysis of other countries and regions related to the process of expressing proceedings. The expressing procedure is the appropriate introduction of the "warning" procedure that the legislation must pass through in the enforcement system of the western countries. This part is related to the related systems and regulations of the "administrative strong law" in Germany, Austria, Japan and the Taiwan region of China. A brief survey is made, hoping to provide useful experience and reference for the perfection and practice of the reminder system in China.
The fifth part is the improvement of China's expressing procedure. On the basis of the preceding article, the part of this part is from strengthening the status of the expressing procedure, confirming the time point of the expressing notice, perfecting the expressing matters, adding the litigant's relief right, straightening out the internal links of the procedure and setting up the time limit of the implementation of the expressing notice to our country. Put forward the system, comprehensive countermeasures and suggestions, and carried on the concrete analysis and discussion.

【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.1

【参考文献】