我国应急志愿服务的立法研究

发布时间：2018-05-14 15:56

本文选题：突发事件 + 应急志愿服务　；参考：《华东师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：志愿服务是基于自由意志而非基于个人义务或法律责任,不以取得报酬为目的而从事的各项社会公益服务。现代志愿服务的范围已经拓展到了突发事件应急救援领域,即应急志愿服务。应急志愿服务是指志愿者、志愿者组织在公共突发事件的应对中提供、开展的志愿服务。应急志愿服务在近年来各种重大突发事件的应对过程中发挥了极为重要的作用,但也暴露出了很多问题,如未被纳入各级应急管理体系、没有专门的法律予以保障等。迄今为止,在志愿服务立法方面,我国大陆已颁布36部现行有效的地方志愿服务条例,全国性志愿服务条例已列入国务院立法工作计划,我国应急管理体系建设也在如火如荼的开展着。在这样的大背景下,研究应急志愿服务,并将之列入全国志愿服务条例中,无论在现实层面还是理论层面都很有价值和意义。本文主要通过明确应急志愿服务的概念,介绍其他国家和地区对应急志愿服务的立法经验,来探析我国应该如何抓住制订国家志愿服务条例的机会,建立应急志愿服务的法律保障体系。除绪论和结语外,文章分三个部分展开论述：第一部分为第二章,在分析突发事件、志愿服务概念的基础上,引出应急志愿服务的概念,继而分析了应急志愿服务与常态志愿服务的不同之处,最后介绍了国内外应急志愿服务的发展历程。第二部分为第三章,选取英美法系的美国、大陆法系的德国以及与我国大陆文化同源的台湾地区为代表,介绍了境外应急志愿服务的立法现状,并从中总结能为我国大陆所借鉴的经验。第三部分为第四章,立足于我国现有的地方志愿服务条例,分析其立法成果与不足之处,提出在起草的全国志愿服务条例中,设立“应急志愿服务”专章,规定应急志愿服务的特殊活动原则、协调机制以及其他相关内容,以期对我国应急志愿服务法律体系的建立起到一定的促进作用。
[Abstract]:Voluntary service is a kind of social public service based on free will, not individual obligation or legal responsibility. The scope of modern volunteerism has been extended to the emergency rescue field, that is, emergency volunteer service. Emergency volunteer service refers to volunteers, volunteer organizations in the response to public emergencies to provide, carry out voluntary services. Emergency volunteerism has played a very important role in the response to various major emergencies in recent years, but also exposed many problems, such as not being included in the emergency management system at all levels, no special laws to protect and so on. So far, in the area of voluntary service legislation, the mainland of China has promulgated 36 existing local voluntary service regulations, and the national voluntary service regulations have been included in the legislative work plan of the State Council. China's emergency management system is also in full swing. Under this background, it is of great value and significance to study emergency volunteer service and to include it in the national voluntary service regulations, both in practical and theoretical aspects. In this paper, by clarifying the concept of emergency volunteerism and introducing the legislative experience of other countries and regions on emergency volunteerism, this paper explores how to seize the opportunity to formulate national voluntary service regulations in China. Establish a legal protection system for emergency voluntary service. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the article is divided into three parts: The first part is the second chapter. On the basis of analyzing the concept of emergency and volunteer service, the paper introduces the concept of emergency volunteer service, and then analyzes the difference between emergency volunteer service and normal voluntary service. Finally, the development of emergency voluntary service at home and abroad is introduced. The second part is the third chapter, including the United States of America, Germany of civil law and Taiwan with the same cultural origin in mainland China, and introduces the current situation of emergency voluntary service legislation abroad. And summarize the experience that can be used for reference by the mainland of China. The third part is the fourth chapter, based on the existing local voluntary service regulations, analyzes its legislative achievements and deficiencies, proposed in the draft of the national voluntary service regulations, the establishment of "emergency volunteerism" chapter. The special activity principle, coordination mechanism and other related contents of emergency voluntary service should be stipulated in order to promote the establishment of the legal system of emergency voluntary service in China.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.1

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