面向低碳的环境区域合作与法制回应

发布时间：2018-05-26 19:01

本文选题：低碳 + 合作　；参考：《广东外语外贸大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：温室效应引发众多的环境问题，以含碳气体为主的温室气体的排放是导致温室效应的主要原因之一。目前针对“高碳”引发的国际气候问题合作在治理温室效应取得了一定的成果，但参与国际气候合作的成员国之间始终存在着一些较难调和的矛盾，这些矛盾随着合作的推进渐渐被激化，已经在很大程度上阻碍着合作的进行。奥尔森认为相比大集团来说，小集团更有效率也更能调和矛盾以实现共同目标。现今国际社会中区域合作进行得如火如荼，区域合作下的环境合作也有着不俗的成绩。将国际气候合作成果应用到区域合作中，结合现有的环境区域合作模式，这种面向低碳的环境区域合作已成为未来趋势。面向低碳的环境区域合作是未来的趋势，完善面向低碳的环境区域合作需要从法制角度对合作中的各主要机制予以回应。本文分三章，以低碳为视角，论述了从国际气候问题合作到区域的气候问题合作的趋势、构建与法制的回应。文章的第一章是“碳排放与国际气候问题合作概况”。第一节概述了碳排放与温室效应之间的关联，，历史地介绍了主流科学关于气候变化的研究，介绍了温室效应引发的危害环境的影响。第二节从“合作的历程”与“合作的概况”方面，概述了为了应对碳排放引起的温室效应，国际社会做出的努力与面临的困境。第三节概述了国际气候问题合作的三大机制的功能与特征。第四节则概述了应对碳排放引起的温室效应，人们的合作从全球性的国际气候问题合作走向区域性的面向低碳的区域环境合作的趋势。文章第二章是“面向低碳的环境区域合作机制分析”。第一节从定义的界定角度，概述了什么是区域合作。第二节用“发达国家之间”、“发达国家与发展中国家之间”与“发展中国家之间”的方式划分并介绍了主要的区域合作组织。第三节论述了区域合作下的环境区域合作，并讨论了环境区域合作的原则，和环境保护与经济发展之间的矛盾在区域合作下的体现。第四节按照第二节的划分方式，选取有代表性的区域合作组织，分别从欧盟、北美自由贸易区与东盟的角度讨论了其各自环境区域合作的特征与保护环境的手段。第五节从现有经验出发，从市场机制、森林碳汇机制与利益协调机制论述了面向低碳的环境区域合作的构建。文章第三章是“法制回应：基于市场法律机制、森林碳汇法律机制以及利益协调法律机制的讨论”，三节分别从市场机制、森林碳汇机制与利益协调机制进行了法制的回应。本文在概括和分析了构建面向低碳的环境区域合作相关问题的基础上，深入研究了国际气候问题合作、区域合作与区域环境合作的经验，借以总结他们各自的优势与特点，与法制相结合，为构建面向低碳的环境区域合作做出了构想，希望对于从制度上实现碳减排、治理温室效应有所裨益。
[Abstract]:Greenhouse Effect causes many environmental problems, and the emission of carbon-containing greenhouse gases is one of the main causes of Greenhouse Effect. At present, the cooperation on international climate issues caused by "high carbon" has made certain achievements in the governance of Greenhouse Effect, but there have always been some contradictions between the member countries participating in international climate cooperation. These contradictions are gradually intensified with the development of cooperation, which has hindered the cooperation to a great extent. Olson argues that smaller groups are more efficient and more attuned to common goals than big groups. Nowadays, the regional cooperation in the international community is in full swing, and the environmental cooperation under the regional cooperation also has great achievements. Applying the results of international climate cooperation to regional cooperation, and combining the existing regional cooperation model of environment, this kind of low-carbon environmental regional cooperation has become the future trend. Regional cooperation for low-carbon environment is the trend in the future. To perfect the regional cooperation in low-carbon environment needs to respond to the main mechanisms of cooperation from the perspective of legal system. This paper is divided into three chapters, from the perspective of low-carbon, this paper discusses the trend from international climate cooperation to regional climate cooperation, construction and legal response. The first chapter of the article is the Overview of the Cooperation on carbon emissions and International Climate issues. The first section gives an overview of the relationship between carbon emissions and Greenhouse Effect, a historical introduction to mainstream scientific research on climate change, and an introduction to the environmental hazards caused by Greenhouse Effect. In the second section, from the aspects of "the course of cooperation" and "the general situation of cooperation", it summarizes the efforts and difficulties faced by the international community in order to deal with the Greenhouse Effect caused by carbon emissions. Section III outlines the functions and characteristics of the three mechanisms for international climate cooperation. The fourth section outlines the trend of dealing with Greenhouse Effect caused by carbon emissions and the trend of cooperation from global international climate cooperation to regional low-carbon regional environmental cooperation. The second chapter is the analysis of regional cooperation mechanism for low-carbon environment. The first section outlines what regional cooperation is from a defined point of view. Section II classifies and introduces the major regional cooperation organizations in the form of "among developed countries", "between developed and developing countries" and "among developing countries". The third section discusses the environmental regional cooperation under regional cooperation and discusses the principles of environmental regional cooperation and the contradiction between environmental protection and economic development. In the fourth section, according to the division of the second section, selected representative regional cooperation organizations, respectively from the perspective of the European Union, the North American Free Trade area and ASEAN to discuss the characteristics of their respective environmental regional cooperation and environmental protection means. The fifth section discusses the construction of low-carbon regional cooperation based on the existing experience, market mechanism, forest carbon sink mechanism and interest coordination mechanism. The third chapter is "legal response: based on market legal mechanism, forest carbon sink legal mechanism and legal mechanism of interest coordination", the three sections respectively from the market mechanism, forest carbon sequestration mechanism and interest coordination mechanism legal response. On the basis of summarizing and analyzing the problems related to the construction of low-carbon regional cooperation on environment, this paper deeply studies the experiences of international climate cooperation, regional cooperation and regional environmental cooperation, so as to sum up their respective advantages and characteristics. Combining with the legal system, this paper makes a conception for the construction of regional cooperation for low-carbon environment, hoping that it will benefit the realization of carbon emission reduction from the system and the governance of Greenhouse Effect.
【学位授予单位】：广东外语外贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.68;X321

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