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给付行政民营化后国家担保责任研究

发布时间:2018-06-22 16:43

  本文选题:给付行政 + 民营化后 ; 参考:《西南政法大学》2015年博士论文


【摘要】:国家担保责任是行政任务民营化后国家所承担的最基本的责任。研究国家担保责任理论,明确国家和政府的担保责任和义务,构建科学的国家担保责任法律制度,对于推动给付行政民营化的顺利进行,以及对公众和消费者的合法权益的担保,具有重要的理论和实践意义。本文从行政法学的角度,以国家担保责任为中心,依照“民营化后国家责任的变迁——国家担保责任——国家担保责任在域外的立法实践及其经验——国家担保责任在我国的引入及其制度障碍——我国国家担保责任法律制度的构建”的逻辑思路,运用行政法学的理论工具,着重对国家担保责任的基础理论、国家担保责任法律制度的构建等问题进行了初步的探讨,并提出了相关建议。全文除过引言外,共分五大部分。引言主要交代了研究背景及问题的提出,对有关国家担保责任的国内外研究文献进行了简要综述,简单阐述了研究国家担保责任的理论意义及实践价值,并对本论文拟采用的研究方法及研究创新等予以说明。第一章是给付行政任务民营化与国家担保责任的兴起。本章首先阐述了给付行政任务民营化的概念、分类及方式以及给付行政任务民营化的理论基础及宪法容许性。其次,阐述了行政任务民营化后国家应该承担担保责任。国家担保责任的兴起是新自由主义思想、行政任务民营化以及法学界各种因素共同推动的结果。第二章是国家担保责任的基本理论。本章主要论述了国家担保责任的概念与特征、国家担保责任与国家赔偿责任之关系、国家担保责任的性质与地位、国家担保责任的理论依据、国家担保责任的主要内容与类型化、担保责任的法律关系等内容。具体而言,首先,本章就国家担保责任的概念进行了界定,认为国家担保责任的概念有广义和狭义之分,本文指的是狭义的国家担保责任,即就是行政任务民营化后,为了防止私部门履行公共任务的标准降低、质量减损,损害公民及其它组织的合法权益,国家立于公法上担保人的地位,负有采取公权力手段或者非公权力手段,排除和预防不正当竞争因素和市场缺陷,对私部门履行公共任务的行为过程和行为后果进行持续性的引导、监督、管制、调控和影响的义务,其目的就是积极促进私部门按质、按量地实现行政任务。国家担保责任具有持续性、法定性、主动性和全方位性的特征以及公法责任和预期责任两种属性。其次,论述了国家担保责任的理论依据为担保国家理论、辅助性理论、、基本权的保护义务功能及国家与社会的合作理论。再次,论述了国家担保责任可以分为国家管制责任、国家监督责任和国家接管责任等三种类型,国家担保责任的内容主要是公平竞争秩序的担保以及给付产品和服务的担保。最后,论述了国家担保责任的法律关系。国家担保责任之法律关系是一种多面性的法律关系。既包括国家与私人机构之间的关系、私人机构与一般公众之间的关系以及国家与公众之间的关系。第三章是国家担保责任在域外的立法实践及其经验。本章主要阐述了国家担保责任理论在德国以及我国台湾的立法实践与经验。在德国,以国家担保责任理论为指导,立法机关修改了《联邦基本法》、《电信法》等法律,制定了《公私合作制促进法》以及近年来对行政程序法关于行政契约的修订草案,都已经将国家担保责任理论予以立法实践化和具体化。在台湾地区,以国家担保责任为理论依据,制定了给付行政任务民营化的重要法律《促进民间参与公共建设法》及其《实施细则》、制定了十个不同种类的《基础设施营运接管办法》等法律、法规。域外国家担保责任理论的立法经验主要是:担保责任立法坚持担保公众权益和促进竞争并举;担保责任立法坚持从本国或本地区的实际情况出发;担保责任立法可以采取单独制定或修改现行法律的方式;担保责任立法应该与时俱进。第四章是国家担保责任理论的引入及其制度障碍。本章简要论述了我国引入国家担保责任理论的必要性、可行性及意义,并分析了国家担保责任引入面临的制度障碍。认为亟需引入国家担保责任理论,引入国家担保责任理论会遇到法律缺位、法律缺陷等制度障碍。第五章是我国国家担保责任法律制度的构建。本章首先论述了国家担保责任法律制度建构的基本原则;其次,从国家的管制责任、监督责任以及接管责任等三个方面分别论述了国家担保责任法律制度的构建。具体来说,国家管制责任法制构建的重点主要是民营化前的效益评估法律制度、合格私人机构的挑选法律制度、不对称的管制法律制度、价格和质量管制法律制度等方面。国家监督责任法律制度构建的重点主要是:对使用国家补贴费用的监督法律制度、强制披露质量信息法律制度、事后的监督评估法律制度、私人机构资本维持的监督法律制度和滥用市场支配地位的监督法律制度等方面。国家接管责任法律制度构建的重点是兴建、营运过程中接管的条件、阶段与时限以及程序法律制度、终止特许契约时的国家接管法律制度以及融资机构和保证人的接管法律制度等方面。
[Abstract]:The state guarantee liability is the most basic responsibility of the state after the privatization of administrative tasks. It studies the theory of state guarantee responsibility, clearly defines the responsibility and obligation of the state and government, and constructs a scientific legal system of state guarantee responsibility, which will promote the smooth progress of the privatization of the administration and the legitimate rights and interests of the public and the consumers. Security is of great theoretical and practical significance. From the perspective of administrative law, this article takes the responsibility of state guarantee as the center, according to the "changes of state responsibility after privatization" - the state guarantee liability - the foreign legislative practice and experience of state guarantee liability - the introduction and institutional obstacles of the state responsibility for insurance. The logical thinking of the construction of the legal system of state guarantee liability in China, using the theoretical tools of administrative law, focuses on the basic theory of state guarantee responsibility and the construction of the legal system of state guarantee liability, and puts forward some relevant suggestions. The full text is divided into five parts except the introduction. The introduction is mainly metasomatism. The research background and problems are put forward, the domestic and foreign research documents of the state guarantee responsibility are briefly reviewed, the theoretical significance and practical value of the study of state guarantee responsibility are briefly expounded, and the research methods and research innovations which are to be adopted in this paper are explained. The first chapter is the privatization of administrative tasks and the national burden. This chapter first expounds the concept of privatization of administrative tasks, the classification and mode, the theoretical basis of privatization of administrative tasks and the admissibility of the constitution. Secondly, it expounds that the state should bear the responsibility of guarantee after the privatization of administrative tasks. The rise of the state guarantee responsibility is the new liberalism thought and the administrative task people. The second chapter is the basic theory of state guarantee responsibility. This chapter mainly discusses the concept and characteristics of state guarantee liability, the relationship between state guarantee responsibility and state compensation liability, the nature and status of state guarantee liability, the theoretical basis of the state guarantee responsibility, the state guarantee responsibility. The main contents and types, the legal relationship of the guarantee responsibility, and so on. Firstly, this chapter defines the concept of state guarantee responsibility, and thinks that the concept of state guarantee responsibility has a broad and narrow sense. This article refers to the narrow sense of state guarantee responsibility, that is, to prevent the private sector from performing after the administrative task is privatized. The standard of the public task is reduced, the quality is detracts, the legal rights and interests of the citizens and other organizations are damaged. The state is standing on the status of the guarantor on the public law. It has the means of public power or the means of non public power to exclude and prevent the unfair competition factors and market defects, and carry out the behavior process and the consequences of the public mission to the private sector. The duty of continuous guidance, supervision, control, regulation and influence is to actively promote the private sector to carry out the quality of the administrative task. The state guarantee responsibility has two attributes of sustainability, legality, initiative and omnibearing, as well as the public law responsibility and expected responsibility. Secondly, the theoretical basis of the State security responsibility is discussed. In order to guarantee the national theory, the auxiliary theory, the function of the protection obligation of the basic right and the cooperation theory between the state and the society. Again, it is discussed that the state guarantee liability can be divided into three types: the state control responsibility, the state supervision responsibility and the state taking over responsibility, and the content of the state guarantee responsibility is the guarantee of the fair competition order and the payment. The guarantee of products and services. Finally, the legal relationship of state guarantee liability is discussed. The legal relationship of state guarantee liability is a multifaceted legal relationship, including the relationship between the state and the private institution, the relationship between the private institution and the general public, and the relationship between the state and the public. The third chapter is the state guarantee responsibility. This chapter mainly expounds the legislative practice and experience of the state guarantee liability theory in Germany and Taiwan in our country. In Germany, with the guidance of the theory of state guarantee liability, the legislature amends the laws of the federal basic law, the telecommunications law and other laws, and has formulated the law of promoting the public private partnership and the act of recent years. The revised draft of administrative contract in the administrative procedure law has already put the state guarantee liability theory into practice and concretion. In the Taiwan area, the important law of the privatization of the administrative task is formulated, with the state guarantee responsibility as the theoretical basis, and ten differences have been formulated. Laws, regulations, laws, regulations, and other laws, laws and regulations. The legislative experience of the foreign state security liability theory is mainly: the guarantee liability legislation persists in ensuring the rights of the public and promoting the competition, and the legislation of the liability for guarantee starts from the actual situation in the country or the region; the legislation of the responsibility for the liability for insurance can be made or amended separately. The fourth chapter is the introduction of the theory of state guarantee responsibility and its institutional obstacles. This chapter briefly discusses the necessity, feasibility and significance of the introduction of the theory of state guarantee liability in our country, and analyzes the institutional obstacles facing the introduction of state guarantee responsibility. The fifth chapter is the construction of the legal system of state guarantee liability in our country. This chapter first discusses the basic principles of the construction of the legal system of state guarantee liability; secondly, three parties from the state management responsibility, supervision responsibility and take over responsibility. The construction of the legal system of state guarantee liability is discussed separately. In particular, the emphasis of the construction of the legal system of state control responsibility is mainly the legal system of benefit evaluation before privatization, the selection of legal system of qualified private institutions, the asymmetric regulation legal system, the price and the quality control legal system, etc.. The key points of the system are as follows: the supervision legal system for the use of state subsidies, the compulsory disclosure of the legal system of quality information, the supervision and evaluation of the legal system after the event, the supervision legal system of the capital maintenance of private institutions and the supervision of the abuse of the dominant position of the market. It is the conditions of the construction, the conditions for the takeover of the operation, the stage and time limit, the legal system of the procedure, the national takeover of the legal system at the time of the termination of the concession and the legal system of the takeover of the financial institutions and the guarantor.
【学位授予单位】:西南政法大学
【学位级别】:博士
【学位授予年份】:2015
【分类号】:D922.1

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