环境共同侵权责任承担研究

发布时间：2018-06-25 00:14

本文选题：环境共同侵权 + 责任划分　；参考：《青岛大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：环境共同侵权的案件涉及的问题非常多样复杂,其中往往涉及环境侵权和共同侵权的认定。如何在环境共同侵权行为人之间公正地划分责任是环境共同侵权要解决的首要问题;在共同侵权的认定时环境侵权加害人是对外承担连带责任还是按份责任,在对内责任又怎样具体合理的划分等,也都是环境共同侵权案件要解决的问题。在环境共同侵权案件的归责原则、责任承担方式等问题上各国有着不同的处理方式;在司法审判过程中往往有很多极其相似的案件,发生在不同地域,由于当地经济发展的水平不同导致判决结果有很大的不同;在我国的司法实践中诉讼案件的起诉条件高且审理时间长,在责任承担的划分过程中对证据的取证和鉴定机构建设上不够专业且分布不均,在判决后的救济途径相对其他一些国家方式比较单一等等。以至于处理环境共同侵权纠纷的机关有种千头万绪的感觉。但我国关于环境侵权的立法相对少而分散,大多适用民法有关共同侵权的规定。为了使相对处于弱势地位的环境侵权受害人的合法权益能够公平及时有效地得到救济,本文结合我国基本的立法和司法适用现状,揭示我国在环境共同侵权责任的立法缺陷和司法适用的不足,并对我国在环境共同侵权责任承担方面法律规定的完善和体系化问题,提出了自己的主张。提出在司法实践方面建立健全环境损害评估体系、完善环境损害赔偿保障机制及完善环境侵权纠纷解决机制。
[Abstract]:Environmental joint infringement cases involve a variety of complex issues, which often involve environmental infringement and joint tort. How to justly divide the responsibility among the environmental joint tortfeasors is the primary problem to be solved in the joint environmental tort, and when the joint tort is identified, the environmental tortfeasor should bear the joint and several liability or the part liability. How to divide the internal responsibility is also a problem to be solved in environmental joint tort cases. Different countries have different ways of dealing with such issues as the principle of imputation of environmental joint tort cases and the way to assume responsibility. In the course of judicial trial, there are many very similar cases, which occur in different regions. Because the level of local economic development is different, the result of judgment is very different. In the judicial practice of our country, the prosecution conditions of litigation cases are high and the trial time is long. In the process of the division of responsibility, the evidence collection and appraisal institution construction is not professional and unevenly distributed, and the way of relief after judgment is relatively single compared with some other countries and so on. To deal with environmental joint tort disputes organs have a sense of a myriad of threads. However, the legislation on environmental tort in our country is relatively few and scattered, and most of them are applicable to the joint tort provisions of civil law. In order to ensure that the legal rights and interests of the victims of environmental tort in a relatively weak position can get relief fairly, promptly and effectively, this paper combines the basic legislative and judicial application status quo of our country. This paper reveals the defects of legislation and judicial application of environmental joint tort liability in our country, and puts forward its own views on the perfection and systematization of the legal provisions in the undertaking of environmental joint tort liability in our country. In the aspect of judicial practice, this paper proposes to establish and perfect the environmental damage assessment system, to perfect the protection mechanism of environmental damage compensation and to perfect the settlement mechanism of environmental tort disputes.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923;D922.68

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