高速公路多车连环碰撞交通事故侵权责任承担

发布时间：2018-07-06 12:12

本文选题：高速公路 + 道路交通事故　；参考：《江西财经大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着国家对高速公路加大建设,群众保有车辆数的激增,为构建全国性的公路网络,促进国民经济的快速增长,便利各地物资交流,作出了突出的贡献。但随之而来的,是在高速公路上发生的交通事故数量急剧增加,且重特大事故层出不穷,给人民生命财产造成了重大损失。高速公路因其特殊性,连环事故成因复杂,其责任划分难度相应加大,例如多车连环相撞事故,各种法律关系错综复杂,由此引发的的赔偿责任问题亦成为司法实践中的难点。在司法实践中,许多法官对案件责任主体的划分、法律责任的承担都有不同的看法,类似的情况却有不同的判决结果,因此,在多车相撞交通事故中认定责任主体和划分责任,是准确适用法律必须明确的问题。高速公路多车碰撞事故是复杂的机动车事故,侵权关系十分复杂。交通事故侵权关系主要由《道路交通安全法》和《侵权责任法》调整,但就目前现状而言,尚不能满足司法实践,这些问题均有待法律及司法解释予以进一步明确和细化,以能够在诉讼中更有利于平衡各方利益,保障受害人权利救济,进而促进社会的和谐和稳定。笔者结合自身工作实际,本文拟从高速公路连环碰撞事故的特点,事故认定,以及损害赔偿的视角,对此类侵权行为进行法理分析研究,对如何准确认定多车相撞交通事故损害赔偿的责任主体以及事故所引起损失的责任分担问题进行分析,提出完善当前道路交通事故赔偿体系,构建以国家救助基金为主导的,以侵权责任、保险为基本要素的事故赔偿体系,以期最大限度地救济受害者及分担侵权人责任承担风险。
[Abstract]:With the increase of national highway construction and the rapid increase in the number of vehicles, the masses have made outstanding contributions to the construction of a national highway network, the rapid growth of the national economy, and the convenience of the exchange of goods and materials throughout the country. However, the number of traffic accidents on the freeway has increased sharply, and the serious accidents have occurred one after another, which has caused great losses to people's lives and property. Because of its particularity, the causes of serial accidents are complicated, the difficulty of liability division is increased accordingly, such as multi-car pileup accidents, various legal relations are complicated, the resulting liability problem has become a difficult point in judicial practice. In the judicial practice, many judges have different views on the division of the subject of the case responsibility and the bearing of the legal liability, but the similar situation has different judgment results. Therefore, in the multi-vehicle collision traffic accident, the main body of responsibility and the division of the responsibility are determined. Is the accurate application of the law must be clear. Multi-vehicle collision accident on highway is a complex vehicle accident, and the tort relationship is very complex. The tort relationship of traffic accident is mainly regulated by the Road Traffic Safety Law and the Tort liability Law. However, as far as the present situation is concerned, it cannot satisfy the judicial practice. These problems need to be further clarified and refined by the law and judicial interpretation. In order to balance the interests of all parties in litigation, to protect the rights of victims relief, and then promote social harmony and stability. Combining with the actual situation of my own work, the author intends to make a legal analysis and study on this kind of torts from the perspective of the characteristics, the identification of the accidents and the compensation for damages of the expressway serial collision accidents. This paper analyzes on how to accurately identify the main body of liability for compensation for damage caused by multi-vehicle collisions and the problem of sharing the liability for losses caused by accidents, and puts forward that the current compensation system for road traffic accidents should be perfected and the national rescue fund should be established. The accident compensation system, which takes tort liability and insurance as the basic element, is expected to provide maximum relief to the victims and share the responsibility of the infringer to bear the risk.
【学位授予单位】：江西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.14

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