土地征收中被征收人知情权及其保障

发布时间：2018-08-04 09:28

【摘要】：中国的土地制度,是中国社会、经济、政治的根源。土地是最基本的生产资料,是一切经济活动的载体,是农民谋生的主要手段,也是农民进行投资、积累财富及代际财富继承的主要途径,以土地为核心的不动产构成了社会财富的最主要组成部分。对于中国的农民而言,土地是养老钱、社保金、医保卡,土地构成了基本的经济结构。在人类社会漫长的历史进程中,围绕土地的占有、使用和分配形成了不同的土地制度,土地制度决定了社会的基本结构和组成,是对上层建筑有决定性影响的经济因素。土地征收制度是土地制度的重要组成部分。土地征收制度是以公共利益为目的的国家行为,就是国家通过具体的行政行为使得特定的主体的土地所有权有偿转移给土地利用人。土地征收的前提之一就是在同一法域内存在着两个以上的土地所有权主体。有不同土地所有权主体的存在,土地征收才有必要。由于土地的财产属性和承载属性使得土地的征收对于所有权人的意义要大于一般财产的征收,所以被征收人当然更加重视自己的权益。保护被征收人权益的前提是保护被征收人对于征收行为的知晓程度,就是被征收入的知情权的行使时间维度和空间维度。知情权的有效行使才能够使被征收人知晓征收主体、目的、范围、时间、补偿标准。一切有权力的人都容易滥用权力,这是万古不易的一条经验。国家的一切行为都表现为权力行为,对于遭受公权力侵害的农民而言,及时救济是农民权力的切实保障,更是监控国家权力、制约公权力恣意和滥用的有效途径和生动体现。被征收人的知情权就能够制约公权力的滥用,保障被征收人自身的权益受到保护。
[Abstract]:China's land system is the root of Chinese society, economy and politics. Land is the most basic means of production, the carrier of all economic activities, the main means for farmers to earn a living, and the main way for peasants to invest, accumulate wealth and inherit intergenerational wealth. Land as the core of real estate constitutes the most important part of social wealth. For Chinese farmers, land is pension money, social security payments, health care cards, land constitutes the basic economic structure. In the long historical process of human society, different land systems are formed around the occupation, use and distribution of land, which determines the basic structure and composition of the society and is the decisive economic factor affecting the superstructure. Land expropriation system is an important part of land system. Land expropriation system is a kind of national behavior with the aim of public interest, that is, the state transfers the land ownership of a specific subject to the land user through specific administrative actions. One of the premises of land expropriation is that there are more than two subjects of land ownership in the same jurisdiction. With the existence of different land ownership subjects, land expropriation is necessary. Because of the property attribute and bearing attribute of land, the expropriation of land is more important to the owner than to the general property, so the expropriated person attaches more importance to his own rights and interests. The premise of protecting the rights and interests of the expropriated person is to protect the awareness of the expropriated person about the expropriation behavior, that is, the time dimension and the spatial dimension of the exercise of the expropriated right to know. The effective exercise of the right to know can make the expropriated person aware of the subject, purpose, scope, time and standard of compensation. It is a rare experience that all who have power are apt to abuse it. All the actions of the state are manifested in the behavior of power. For the peasants who have been infringed by the public power, timely relief is the practical guarantee of the farmers' power, and it is also an effective way and vivid embodiment of monitoring the state power and restricting the wanton and abuse of the public power. The right to know of the expropriated person can restrict the abuse of public power and protect the rights and interests of the expropriated person.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.33

【共引文献】