积分行为的法律性质、规制及救济

发布时间：2018-09-10 13:39

【摘要】：积分行为是行政主体对相对人作出的,以分值形式对相对人的行为和相关条件进行评价并予以累计,可能导致具体行政行为发生的行为。积分行为是新理念下的行政行为,其具有公共性、中间性、拘束性、独立性的法律属性,有提高行政管理的功能、提高行政管理效率的功能,增强说服力和自我约束力的功能。不同层级的法律文件设定积分的权限不同,地方部门规章设定行政积分既可以是在法律、法规规定之下的对规则的细化,补充,也可以是在法律、法规没有规定的情况下,对行政区划内的行政管理事项的创设性规定；部门规章只能在法律、行政法规等上位法有规定的情况下,对上位法的规定进行细化,设定行政积分进行管理,在涉及行政处罚的积分设定时,只能在上位法关于行政处罚的条件、种类和幅度内进行规定；行政规定设定积分应当遵循法律授权权限、职权权限、事务权限,并且不得创设有关行政处罚的积分。在设定行政积分时要注重公众参与、专家论证、试点调查等程序,在实施行政积分时要遵循程序法定原则、程序公开原则、程序公平原则。积分行为虽然对相对人不产生直接的法律效果,但却通过引发具体行政行为来影响相对人的权利义务,对此提供救济有重要意义。《行政复议法》应当从立法上取消肯定列举的方式,采取概括式加否定列举的方式,受案范围应突破具体行政行为的局限,扩大至对相对人的权利义务有影响的行政行为；积分行为是一个最终的独立的行政行为,是能对当事人产生影响的行为即成熟的行政行为,因此,积分行为是可以受到法院司法审查的行为,应当扩大我国行政诉讼的受案范围,将其纳入其中。
[Abstract]:The integral behavior is the behavior that the administrative subject makes to the relative person, evaluates and accumulates the relative person's behavior and related conditions in the form of score, which may lead to the concrete administrative act. The integral behavior is the administrative behavior under the new idea, which has the legal attribute of public, intermediate, binding and independent, has the function of improving the administrative management, improving the efficiency of the administrative management, enhancing the persuasion and the self-binding function. Different levels of legal documents have different powers to set up points. The administrative points set by local departments' regulations can be the refinement and supplement of the rules under the provisions of the laws and regulations, or they can also be in cases where the laws and regulations do not provide for them. Regulations on the creation of administrative matters within administrative divisions; departmental rules and regulations can only be specified in the case of laws, administrative regulations, and other superior laws and regulations, and the provisions of the upper law shall be refined, and administrative points shall be set for administration. In the timing of the establishment of points involving administrative penalties, they can only be stipulated within the conditions, types and scope of administrative penalties in the upper law; the administrative provisions for the establishment of integral points shall follow the limits of authority authorized by law, authority of authority and authority for affairs, And may not create the relevant administrative penalty points. Public participation, expert argumentation, pilot investigation and other procedures should be paid attention to when setting administrative points. The principle of procedural law, procedure publicity and procedural fairness should be followed when implementing administrative points. Although the integral act does not have direct legal effect on the relative person, it affects the rights and obligations of the relative person through the initiation of specific administrative act. It is of great significance to provide relief to this problem. The Administrative Review Law should cancel the way of positive enumeration in legislation, adopt the method of summing up with negative enumeration, and the scope of accepting cases should break through the limitations of specific administrative acts. The integral act is a final independent administrative act, which can affect the party concerned, that is, the mature administrative act. The integral act is an act that can be subject to judicial review by the court.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.1

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