论食品安全领域的消费者权益保护

发布时间：2019-03-30 23:46

【摘要】：在我国经济高速发展的过程中，受经济利益的驱动，，消费者权益保护问题日益凸显，“瘦肉精”、“地沟油”等事件相继发生，给消费者的合法权益造成极大的损害。消费者的权益遭受侵害后，尽管我国目前的立法对其权益保护提供了法律支持，但在现实中，消费者维权举步维艰。首先，消费者自身力量微薄，无力终日为食品安全维权奔波；其次，消费者组织作用发挥有限，也仅仅是在将于2014年3月15日实施的新的《中华人民共和国消费者权益保护法》内才赋予了消费者协会代表消费者进行公益诉讼的权利；最后，我国食品安全领域消费者权益保护方面立法体制的不健全及执法监督机制的不完善更使遭受权益损害的食品消费者的维权雪上加霜。适应当今经济的飞速发展，本应配备有健全、完善、可行的消费者权益保障的体制和措施。基于此，笔者撰写此文，以期对食品消费者合法权益的有效保障贡献自己的一份力量。本文第一部分从总体上对文章的选题背景、意义、国内外研究的成果、研究方法和创新进行了概括性的总结，重点引出本文主旨，即食品安全领域的消费者权益保障；第二部分从近年来出现的典型食品安全事例出发，对典型事例中存在的问题进行剖析；第三部分在分析我国食品安全问题的产生及目前的立法状况的基础上，找出目前我国在食品立法、监管等方面存在的不足；为了更深刻地了解我国在食品安全领域消费者权益保护的短板，笔者在第四部分介绍了日本和美国在食品安全立法、监管等方面的情形，找出能适应我国国情的先进经验，并在第五部分对我国食品安全领域的立法及监管的完善提出建议，主要包括在立法和执法上完善食品安全监管体制、完善食品质量安全抽样检验检测体系、从源头控制食品安全，增设食品生产检查员、加强对假冒伪劣食品的打击力度，鼓励群众对假冒伪劣食品的举报、建立食品安全预警机制及加大对食品安全事后救济的力度；另外，针对目前理论界争议较大的保健食品问题及转基因食品问题，笔者在第六部分对保健食品行业事前和事中监督制度的缺失及构建转基因食品安全的法律规制方面谈了自己的看法，希望对学界研究有所贡献。
[Abstract]:In the process of China's rapid economic development, driven by economic interests, the protection of consumers' rights and interests is increasingly prominent, "lean meat essence", "gutter oil" and other events have occurred one after another, causing great damage to the legitimate rights and interests of consumers. After consumers' rights and interests have been infringed, although China's current legislation provides legal support for their rights and interests protection, in reality, consumers' rights and interests are difficult to safeguard. First of all, consumers themselves are weak, unable to maintain food safety rights all day; Secondly, the role of consumer organizations is limited, and only in the new Consumer Rights and interests Protection Law of the people's Republic of China, which will be implemented on March 15, 2014, does consumer associations have the right to conduct public interest litigation on behalf of consumers; Finally, the imperfection of the legislative system and the law enforcement supervision mechanism in the field of food safety make the protection of the rights and interests of the food consumers worse. To adapt to the rapid development of today's economy, should be equipped with sound, perfect, feasible consumer rights and interests protection system and measures. Based on this, the author writes this article in order to contribute to the effective protection of the legitimate rights and interests of food consumers. In the first part of this paper, the background, significance, research results, research methods and innovations of the article are summarized in general, and the main theme of this paper, namely, the protection of consumers' rights and interests in the field of food safety; The second part starts from the typical food safety cases in recent years, and analyzes the problems existing in the typical cases. In the third part, based on the analysis of the emergence of food safety problems and the current legislative situation, the shortcomings in food legislation, supervision and other aspects of our country are found out. In order to get a better understanding of the deficiency of consumer rights and interests protection in the field of food safety in China, the author introduces the legislation, supervision and other aspects of food safety in Japan and the United States in the fourth part, and finds out the advanced experience that can adapt to the national conditions of our country. In the fifth part, the author puts forward some suggestions on the perfection of the legislation and supervision in the field of food safety in our country, including perfecting the food safety supervision system in legislation and law enforcement, and perfecting the sampling inspection and inspection system of food quality and safety. Control food safety from the source, increase food production inspectors, strengthen the crackdown on counterfeit and shoddy food, encourage the masses to report counterfeit and inferior food, establish food safety early warning mechanism and increase the strength of food safety after-the-event relief; In addition, aiming at the problem of health food and genetically modified food, which are controversial in the theoretical field at present, In the sixth part, the author talks about the lack of supervision system before and during the health food industry and the construction of the legal regulation of genetically modified food safety, hoping to contribute to the academic research.
【学位授予单位】：河北经贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.16;D923.8

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