论我国提前收回国有土地使用权行政补偿制度

发布时间：2019-07-10 13:09

【摘要】：随着我国城市建设、工业进程的加快,对土地的需求越来越大,国家为了经济的发展,对土地资源开始重新分配用以缓解土地资源短缺的问题。导致国家收回国有土地使用权的情况越来越多,由此而带来的房屋征收、拆迁矛盾也越来越多,其中发生争议的一个主要的原因就是国有土地使用权的补偿问题,虽然在相关法律法规中提到了收回国有土地使用权时应进行补偿,但是标准不统一、不具体,多如“相应补偿”、“适当补偿”、“公平补偿”等字样,没有原则性的规定,在补偿时极易引起纠纷。“公共利益”概念不明确,易导致政府裁量权扩大,会有不合理的收回土地使用权的行为发生。当房屋被征收、国有土地使用被收回时,私人财产权益难以得到合理、公平的保障。本文主要讨论的就是在我国国有土地使用权收回及行政补偿制度的现状基础上如何加强对使用权人合法权益的保障及完善收回、补偿制度的建议。全文分为三大部分,包括引言、正文及结论。在引言中主要介绍研究的目的、研究对象现状、研究方法等,在该部分,一方面论述了我国收回国有土地使用权的社会背景及其必要性,另一方面简要提到在收回使用权与补偿时的主要问题。在文章的正文部分,分为四个章节,来论述我国对国有土地使用权的收回及补偿的现状,在论述的额过程中结合域外的理论及立法经验,提出完善我国收回及补偿制度的建议。本文主要采用比较研究的方法,首先从国有土地使用权行政补偿制度的基础理念入手,介绍包括国有土地使用权的相关概念,如国有土地的出让、收回等,行政补偿的概念,在理清了基础理论之后,在论述提前收回国有土地使用权行政补偿制度的构成要件,完整的土地使用权补偿制度应包括四个方面的内容,为后文的论述该制度的提供了基础;其次从社会经济的发展、法治政府建设、个人权益保障等三个方面论述我国国有土地使用权行政补偿制度的价值。再次,在对制度进行价值分析后,进一步论述我国国有土地使用权行政补偿制度现状,通过立法与现实争议两个层面的讨论来说明目前制度存在的主要问题,在立法层面从宪法规范的角度及宪法下位阶的法律法规的角度来说明现行有关国有土地使用权收回及补偿的规定,在现实层面中,主要介绍现行法律规范中存在的问题及争议等,缺乏补偿原则的规定,在实体方面不能保障私人权益,而在程序方面也不完善,对公共利益的界定模糊,存在公权力滥用风险。最后笔者针对制度的现状存,提出建议,指出完善制度要以基本原则为主,以基本原则为指导,立法才具有连贯性,明确公共利益的概念,限制权力滥用,就制度的问题提出完善的建议。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of urban construction and industrial process in China, the demand for land is increasing. In order to develop the economy, the country began to reallocate land resources to alleviate the shortage of land resources. There are more and more cases of state-owned land use right, resulting in more and more contradictions in house expropriation and demolition. One of the main reasons for the dispute is the compensation of state-owned land use right. Although it is mentioned in the relevant laws and regulations that compensation should be made when the state-owned land use right is recovered, the standards are not uniform and specific, such as "corresponding compensation" and "appropriate compensation". The words "fair compensation" have no provisions in principle and are easy to cause disputes in the event of compensation. The concept of "public interest" is not clear, which can easily lead to the expansion of government discretion, and unreasonable resumption of land use rights will occur. When the house is expropriated and the state-owned land use is reclaimed, it is difficult for the private property rights and interests to be protected reasonably and fairly. This paper mainly discusses how to strengthen the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of the users and the suggestions of perfecting the recovery and compensation system on the basis of the present situation of the resumption of the right to the use of state-owned land and the administrative compensation system in our country. The full text is divided into three parts, including introduction, main body and conclusion. In the introduction, it mainly introduces the purpose of the study, the present situation of the research object, the research method and so on. In this part, on the one hand, it discusses the social background and necessity of the right to the use of state-owned land in our country, on the other hand, it briefly mentions the main problems in the recovery of the right to use and compensation. In the main body of the article, it is divided into four chapters to discuss the present situation of the recovery and compensation of the right to the use of state-owned land in our country, and in the process of discussing, combined with the foreign theory and legislative experience, puts forward some suggestions to improve the system of recovery and compensation in our country. This paper mainly adopts the method of comparative study, starting with the basic concept of the administrative compensation system of the state-owned land use right, introduces the related concepts of the state-owned land use right, such as the transfer and recovery of the state-owned land use right, and the concept of administrative compensation. After straightening out the basic theory, this paper discusses the constituent elements of the administrative compensation system of the state-owned land use right in advance. The complete compensation system of land use right should include four aspects, which provides the basis for the later discussion of the system. Secondly, it discusses the value of the administrative compensation system of the right to the use of state-owned land in China from three aspects: the development of social economy, the construction of the government ruled by law and the protection of individual rights and interests. Thirdly, after analyzing the value of the system, this paper further discusses the present situation of the administrative compensation system of the state-owned land use right in our country, explains the main problems existing in the current system through the discussion of the legislation and the realistic dispute, and explains the current provisions on the resumption and compensation of the state-owned land use right from the angle of the constitutional norms and the laws and regulations under the constitution. This paper mainly introduces the problems and disputes existing in the current legal norms, lack of the provisions of the principle of compensation, can not protect private rights and interests in the aspect of entity, and the procedure is not perfect, the definition of public interest is vague, and there is a risk of abuse of public power. Finally, in view of the present situation of the system, the author puts forward some suggestions, and points out that to perfect the system should be based on the basic principles and guided by the basic principles, so that the legislation can have coherence, clarify the concept of public interest, limit the abuse of power, and put forward some suggestions for perfecting the system.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.33

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