侵犯著作权罪认定问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-06 21:08

本文选题：著作权　切入点：侵犯著作权罪　出处：《东北师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：著作权的法律保护一直都是国际热点话题之一。在著作权的法律保护体系中，刑法以其最后的手段性和特殊的严厉性在惩治侵犯著作权行为方面发挥着重要作用。然而由于现行刑事法律对认定侵犯著作权罪的规定比较模糊，使得理论界和司法界对侵犯著作权罪的认定产生了许多分歧，司法实践操作中也出现了诸多疑难问题。在侵犯著作权的客观方面，未经著作权人许可的前提是需要准确判断出不同种类作品的著作权人。复制发行就是指通过将他人享有的著作权的作品的内容制作为特定物品或者电子资料，提供给不特定的人，以换取经济利益的行为。对于“违法所得数额”的含义，司法解释规定的比较混乱，理论界也未给出明确合理的解释，使得在司法实务中界定违法所得数额产生很多分歧。违法所得数额情节并不能准确反映侵犯著作权行为的本质以及危害社会的程度，而且与其他侵犯知识产权犯罪的定罪情节不协调。因此，应当取消违法所得数额的规定，修改为“非法经营数额较大或者有其他严重情节”，也需要将侵权行为给权利人造成的经济损失或者声誉贬损作为分析侵犯著作权行为社会危害性的一个标准或者定罪量刑的一个重要情节。侵犯著作权罪的主观方面，“以营利为目的”的立法设置，虽然缩小了刑事处罚的范围，但是却无法适应现代科学技术的发展，不能全面地保护事实上严重侵犯著作权的行为，而且还会对在司法实践中查证侵权著作权的犯罪造成一定的困难，，也与各国侵犯著作权刑事立法的趋势和相关国际公约的规定不相协调，从而不利于充分保护著作权。因此，应当取消侵犯著作权罪中“以营利为目的”主观要素的立法规定。侵犯著作权罪与销售侵权复制品罪因为发行与销售的关系而存在竞合关系。对于实践中，行为人既实施侵犯著作权行为又实施销售侵权复制品的行为，是按一罪处理还是数罪并罚，应当区分具体情况而不能一概而论。对于未取得音像制品经营许可证而复制发行他人制作的录音录像或销售侵权复制品行为是按照侵犯著作权罪或销售侵权复制品罪定罪，与制作、复制、出版、贩卖、传播淫秽物品牟利罪的区别在于犯罪对象是否具有合法性。
[Abstract]:The legal protection of copyright has always been one of the hot topics in the world.In the legal system of copyright protection, criminal law plays an important role in punishing infringement of copyright with its last resort and special severity.However, due to the vague provisions of the current criminal law regarding the crime of copyright infringement, there are many differences between the theoretical and judicial circles on the determination of the crime of infringement of copyright, and there are also many difficult problems in the operation of judicial practice.In the objective aspect of infringement of copyright, the premise without permission of copyright owner is to accurately judge the copyright owner of different kinds of works.Reproduction and distribution refers to the act of making the content of a copyright work enjoyed by others as a specific object or electronic material and providing it to a non-specific person in exchange for economic benefits.For the meaning of "illegal income", the judicial interpretation of the provisions of the confusion, the theoretical circle has not given a clear and reasonable explanation, resulting in a lot of differences in the judicial practice to define the amount of illegal income.The amount of illegal proceeds can not accurately reflect the nature of copyright infringement and the degree of harm to society, and it is inconsistent with the conviction circumstances of other crimes against intellectual property rights.Therefore, the provision on the amount of illegal income should be abolished and amended to read "the amount of illegal business is relatively large or has other serious circumstances",It is also necessary to take the economic loss or reputational derogation caused by the infringement to the obligee as a criterion for analyzing the social harmfulness of copyright infringement or an important circumstance of conviction and sentencing.The subjective aspect of the crime of infringing upon copyright, the legislative setting of "for profit", has narrowed the scope of criminal punishment, but it is unable to adapt to the development of modern science and technology, and can not fully protect the act of serious infringement of copyright in fact.Moreover, it will make it difficult to investigate the crime of infringing copyright in judicial practice, and it will not coordinate with the trend of criminal legislation of infringement of copyright in various countries and the provisions of relevant international conventions, which is not conducive to the full protection of copyright.Therefore, we should abolish the legislative provisions of the subjective element of "profit-oriented" in the crime of copyright infringement.The crime of copyright infringement and the crime of selling infringing copies have competing relationship because of the relation between issue and sale.In practice, the perpetrator should distinguish the specific situation and not generalize whether the act of infringing copyright and selling infringing copies should be dealt with according to one crime or combined with punishment for a number of crimes.For the reproduction and distribution of audio and video recordings or the sale of infringing copies made by others without obtaining a business license for audio-visual products, the offence of infringing copyright or the sale of infringing copies shall be criminalized, and shall be related to the making, reproduction, publication or sale of infringing copies,The difference of the crime of spreading obscene articles for profit lies in the legality of the object of crime.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D924.3;D923.41

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